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Hazard
Threat or harm that has potential to cause damage.
Disaster
Event that causes widespread losses or impacts.
Disaster risk
Tendency of a community to face a disaster.
Natural disaster
Devastating outcomes that result from natural hazards.
Man-made disaster
Also called technical hazard, disaster from man-made hazards.
Effects of Disaster
Mostly depend on the severity of the exposure of life.
Primary Effects
Direct situations arising from the disaster itself.
Tertiary effects
Effects felt some time after a disaster has occurred.
People, buildings and infrastructure, economy, environment
Affected components
Physical Perspective
Includes visible and tangible materials.
Psychological Perspective
Emotional, cognitive, or interpersonal reactions to difficulties.
Sociocultural Perspective
Response of people to emergency situations.
Economic Perspective
Disruption of economic activities in the community.
Political Perspective
How government services are used to reduce loss or damage.
Biological Perspective
Focuses on how biological factors affect human health.
Exposure
Being open to contact, influence, or harm from external factors.
Vulnerability
Quality or state of being exposed to the possibility of being attacked or harmed.
Proximity to a hazard event
Area frequented by a certain hazard predisposes it to high vulnerability.
Population Density near a hazard event
Measures how many people live in a specific area of land.
Capacity and efficiency to reduce disaster risk
Accessibility and availability of services and facilities that help prepare.
Building codes and disaster policies
Design and construction of buildings should be considered.
Hydrometeorological Hazard
Natural hazards caused by atmospheric, meteorological, oceanographic factors.
Geological hazard
Hazard caused by crust movement.
Environmental Hazard
Caused by changes in the environment that can pose damage to people.
Accident-related hazard
Hazard brought by an unintentional event that leads to loss of life or property.
Philippines
Earthquakes happen more frequently here because of its geographical location.
Pacific ring of fire
Area where the majority of earthquakes happen.
Divergent boundary
Where two plates move away from each other, creating small volcanoes and earthquakes.
Convergent boundary
Plates move together, causing huge volcanoes and earthquakes.
Transform boundary
Plates move past each other, causing large impacting earthquakes.
Seismic waves
Form of energy that travels through different layers of the earth caused by vibration and movement.
Ground shaking
The shaking of the ground caused by the passage of seismic waves.
Ground rupture
Ground movement on a fault line that breaks through the surface.
Zones of weakness
Fault rupture follows pre-existing faults.
Liquefaction
When seismic shaking causes loose materials in the soil to mix with groundwater, making the ground like quicksand.
Earthquake-induced ground subsidence
Lowering of ground due to various causes.
Tsunami
Series of waves generated by a sudden displacement on the ocean floor.
Harbor wave
English term for tsunami.
Earthquake-induced landslide
Occurs during or after an earthquake when a weakened section of land falls due to gravity.
Seismometer
Instrument used to measure movements on the earth's surface.
