PHYL 141 CH 4,5,6

What types of tissue are found on the surface of skin?

• nervous tissue

• epithelial tissue

• connective tissue

• muscle tissue

epithelial tissue

Which of the following is NOT true of epithelium?

• may be simple or stratified

• innervated

• vascular

• consists mainly of cells

vascular

What type of epithelium would you expect to find in an area of the body subject to abrasion and/or risk of desiccation?

• transitional

• simple columnar

• stratified squamous

• pseudostratified columnar

stratified squamous

What type of epithelium would you expect to find in the lungs?

• pseudostratified columnar

• transitional

• stratified squamous

• simple squamous

• stratified columnar

simple squamous

Sweat glands and sebaceous glands are classified as _______ glands because they connect to an internal or external body surface via a duct.

• endocrine

• complex

• simple

• exocrine

exocrine

________ are tiny finger-like projections on the surface of the cell that drastically increase the surface area and promote diffusion or transport across the cell.

• cillia

• microvilli

• desmosomes

• tight junctions

• flagella

microvilli

An epithelial tissue consisting of several layers of flattened cells would be termed:

• simple columnar epithelium

• stratified squamous epithelium

• simple squamous epithelium

• stratified columnar epithelium

stratified squamous epithelium

_________are contractile hair-like appendages which propel mucus across respiratory epithelium.

• desmosomes

• cillia

• tight junctions

• flagella

• microvilli

cilia

Glands in which the whole cell disintegrates to become part of the secretion are called ______ glands.

• apocrine

• endocrine

• merocrine

• holocrine

holocrine

________ glands produce hormones and lack direct connections to body surfaces.

• endocrine

• merocrine

• holocrine

• exocrine

• apocrine

endocrine

This acellular protein layer anchors epithelial tissue to the underlying connective tissue.

• mucosa

• lamina propria

• basement membrane

• apical membrane

basement membrane

An epithelial tissue consisting of a single layer of tall, column-like cells with elliptical nuclei.

• stratified columnar epithelium

• stratified squamous epithelium

• simple columnar epithelium

• simple squamous epithelium

simple columnar epithelium

Where would you most-likely find a stratified squamous keratinized epithelium?

• on the skin

• lining of stomach

• in the lungs

• within kidney tubules

on the skin

Unlike epithelial tissues, which are composed primarily of cells, connective tissues contain fewer cells and are composed primarily of a non-cellular _______ .

• desmosome

• matrix

• mesenchyme

• synctum

matrix

This major group of connective tissues contains visible protein fibers and is divided into “dense” and “loose.”

• connective tissue proper

• liquid connective tissue

• supportive connective tissues

connective tissue proper

These are the strongest and largest-diameter protein fibers:

• elastic fibers

• keratin fibers

• collagen fibers

• reticular fibers

collagen fibers

mast cells

cause inflammation

macrophages

phagocytose foreign material

adipocytes

store triglycerides

fibrocytes

monitor and maintain the matrix

fibroblasts

secrete the matrix

This connective tissue consists primarily of fat cells.

• dense irregular CT

• osseous tissue

• areolar tissue

• cartilage

• adipose tissue

adipose tissue

This tissue consists of tightly packed protein fibers that run parallel to each other.

• dense regular connective tissue

• dense irregular connective tissue

• areolar connective tissue

• adipose tissue

dense regular connective tissue

This is a liquid connective tissue containing erythrocytes and leukocytes.

• blood

• lymph

• chyme

• urine

blood

The papillary layer of the dermis is most closely associated with which layer of the epidermis?

• Stratum spinosum

• Stratum corneum

• Stratum granulosum

• Stratum basale

Stratum basale

The papillary and reticular layers of the dermis are composed mainly of ___.

• Adipose tissue

• Connective tissue

• Keratinocytes

• Melanocytes

connective tissue

In response to stimuli from the sympathetic nervous system, the arrector pili ___.

• Are glands on the skin surface

• Secrete sebum

• Are responsible for goosebumps

• Can lead to excessive sweating

are responsible for goosebumps

Eccrine sweat glands ___.

• Are present in the skin throughout the body and produce watery sweat

• Are present on hair

• Act as a moisturizer

• Produce sebum

are present in the skin throughout the body and produce watery sweat.

Sebaceous glands ___.

• Are associated with hair follicles

• May function in response to touch

• Are a type of sweat gland

• Release a watery solution of salt and metabolic waste

are associated with hair follicles.

An individual using a sharp knife notices a small amount of blood where he just cut himself. Which one of the following layers of skin did he have to cut in order to bleed?

• Stratum corneum

• Stratum basale

• Papillary dermis

• Stratum granulosum

Papillary dermis

As you are walking down the beach, you see a dead, dry, shriveled-up fish. Which layer of your epidermis keeps you from drying out?

• Stratum corneum

• Stratum basale

• Stratum spinosum

• Stratum granulosum

stratum corneum

If you cut yourself and bacteria enters the wound, which of the following cells would help get rid of the bacteria?

• Merkel cells

• Keratinocytes

• Langerhans cells

• Melanocytes

langerhans cells

An individual has spend too much time sun bathing. Not only is his skin painful to touch, but small blisters have appeared in the affected area. This indicates that he has damaged which layers of his skin?

• Epidermis only

• Hypodermis only

• Epidermis and hypodermis

• Epidermis and dermis

epidermis and dermis

Which type of tissue types makes up the epidermis?

• Dense irregular connective tissue with much collagen

• Simple squamous epithelium

• Adipose connective tissue

• Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

The most superficial layer of the epidermis that consists of dead squamous cells filled with keratin is called the ___.

• Stratum corneum

• Stratum lucidum

• Stratum granulosum

• Stratum basale

• Straum spinosum

stratum corneum

What is the correct order of the strata of the epidermis from deep to superficial?

• corneum, lucidum, granulosum, spinosum, basale

• granulosum, spinosum, basale, corneum, lucidum

• basale, spinosum, granulosum, lucidum, corneum

• lucidum, spinosum, basale, corneum, granulosum

basale, spinosum, granulosum, lucidum, corneum

What is the main constituent of subcutaneous tissue?

• Collagen

• adipose tissue

• striae

• smooth muscle

adipose tissue

Cells that form the nail come from the

• Stratum corneum

• Cuticle

• Papillary layer

• Stratum basale

stratum basale

The pigment secreted in the skin to absorb ultraviolet light is

• Sweat

• Sebum

• Melanin

• Cerumen

melanin

Which of the following does NOT describe the melanoma?

• Asymmetric

• Border irregularity

• Color uniformity

• Diameter greater than 6mm

color uniformity

Which of the following are functions of osseous tissue (mark all that apply)?

• Mineral and Lipid Storage

• Support and Protection

• Movement

• Hematopoiesis

mineral and lipid storage, support and protection, and hematopoiesis

One of the functions of bone is that it is a storage bank for:

• Blood cells

• Selenium

• Calcium phosphate

• Vitamin D

• Calcium carbonate

calcium phosphate

Hematopoiesis occurs mostly in the:

• Medullary cavity

• Spongy bone

• Compact bone

• Diaphysis

spongy bone

Yellow bone marrow is composed mostly of:

• Hyaline cartilage

• Dense irregular connective tissue

• Adipose tissue

• Red bone marrow

• Hematopoietic tissue

adipose tissue

The functional unit of compact bone is the:

• Osteon

• Olecranon

• Omicron

• Megatron

osteon

Which of the following are true of osseous tissue? Mark all that apply.

• Innervated

• Vascular (Good blood supply)

• Contains collagen

• Composed mostly of epithelial tissue

• Contains calcium phosphate

innervated, vascular, contains collagen, and contains calcium phosphate

Which of the following features is present in spongy bone?

• Haversian canal

• Osteon

• Concentric lamellae

• Trabeculae

trabeculae

These connect bones to other bones:

• Metaphyses

• Tendons

• Ligaments

• Bursae

ligaments

These connect muscles to bones:

• Tendons

• Ligaments

• Bursae

• Epiphysis

tendons

Tendons and ligaments are composed mostly of:

• Dense irregular connective tissue

• Dense regular connective tissue

• Hyaline cartilage

• Fibrocartilage

dense regular connective tissue

This tissue reduces the friction between articulating surfaces in the elbow:

• Dense irregular connective tissue

• Dense regular connective tissue

• Hyaline cartilage

• Fibrocartilage

hyaline cartilage

This tissue reduces the compressive forces upon vertebrae in the spine.

• Dense irregular connective tissue

• Dense regular connective tissue

• Hyaline cartilage

• Fibrocartilage

fibrocartilage

The ____ is/are a good example of short bone.

• femur

• radius

• Scapula

• Tarsal bones

tarsal bones

Which of the following is an example of an irregular bone?

• Scapula

• Frontal bone of skull

• Humerus

• Patella

• Cervical vertebra

cervical vertebra

The sternum is best classified as a(n) _______ bone

• Flat

• Long

• Irregular

• Short

• Sesamoid

flat

Which are examples of flat bones? Mark all that apply.

• Radius of arm

• Tibia of leg

• Coxal bone of hip

• Scapula of shoulder

• Thoracic vertebrae

coxal bone of hip, scapula of the shoulder

Where could you find wormian bones?

• In the kneecap

• In the brachium

• Between cranial bones

• Adjacent to phalanges of hand

between cranial bones

The shaft of a long bone is also called the ____.

• Metaphysis

• Diaphysis

• Epiphysis

• Cholelithiasis

diaphysis

The distal and proximal ends of a long bone are the _____.

• Metaphyses

• Diaphyses

• Epiphyses

• Zoodapdryphes

epiphyses

A hole in a bone is called a(n):

• Fossa

• Trochanter

• Foramen

• Process

foramen