Dengue

Dengue : Introduction

• Reported first in 1953

• Usually peaks in the months of July to November and lowest during the month to February to April

• The Philippines is one of the most affected countries in Southeast Asia, experiencing seasonal outbreaks, especially during the rainy season (June–November)

• Mosquito-borne viral infection caused by the Dengue virus (DENV), which is transmitted by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes

Acute Febrile 3 stages

1. First 4 days - Febrile or invasive stage

   • Starts with high fever, abdominal pain and headache

   • Later flushing - accompanied by vomiting, conjunctional infection and epistaxis

2. 4th-7th days - Toxic of hemorrhagic stage

   • lowering of temperature, sever abdominal pain, vomiting and frequent bleeding from gastrointestinal tract (form of hematemesis or melena).

   • Unstable BP, narrow pulse pressure and shock

   • Death may occur. Torniquet test + on 3rd day (may be - because of low or vasomotor collapse)

3. 7th-10th day - Convalescent or recovery stages

   • Generalized flushing

   • Blanching appetite regained and BP stable

Classifications

1. Severe, Frank Type

   • Flushing, sudden high fever, sever hemorrhage

   • Followed by sudden drop of temperature, shock and terminating in recovery or death

2. Moderate

   • high fever, but less hemorrhage, no shock

3. Mild

   • Slight fever, without petechial hemorrhage

   • epidemiologically related to typical cases

Etiological Virus