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distress
bad stress —> impaired performance
eustress
optimal stress
hans selye
created general adaption syndrome
general adaption syndrome
alarm
resistance
exhuastion
GAS Alarm
hypothalamus control sympathitic response (epinephrine)
GAS Resistance
trys to resist by can’t
GAS exhuastion
prolonged resistance
allocastic load
Allocastic Load
damage to organs
adreneline/epinephrine
from adreneal medulla
binds to receptors in tissue
cortisol
adrenal cortex
enhances adrenaline effect
anti-inflammatory
shirnks hippocampus if prolonged
flashbulb memory
effects of stress
decrease academic achievement
prolonged stress
weight gain
CVD
diabetes
hair loss
digestive problems
Locaiton of heart
between lungs in mediastinum
Chambers
Artia & ventricles
Artia
from body to heart
R/L atrium
interatrial spetum + fossa ovalis
Ventricles
from heart to body
R/L ventricles
interventricular septum (wall in between)
right chambers
blue
left chambers
red
Atrioventricular Vales
tricuspid + bicuspid
seperate atrium & ventricles
prevent backflow
Semilunar Valves
pulmonary + aortic
L/R side
prevent backflow
chordae tendineae
connect atrioventricular to papillary
papillary muscle
muscles in ventricle that prevent backflow
pulmonary ciruclation
deoxygenated blood goes through superior vena cava then inferior vena cava
right atrium
tricuspid valve
right ventricle
pulmonary valve
pulmonary artery
systemic circulation
pulmonary veins
left atrium
bicuspid valve
left ventricle
aorta valve
aorta
Coronary Ciruclation
vessels on top of heart
R/L coronary artery
left coronary artery
anterior interventricular artery
LAD
left anterir descending artery (LAD)
controls bloody pressure
widow maker
right coronary artery
posterior interventricular artery
Cardiac Output (CO)
amt of blood pumped by ventricle/ min
CO = Stroke volume x heart rate
stroke volume
amount of blood pumped by ventricles in a single beat
avg BP
75 bpm
syncytium
multinucelated cells formed from fusion of cells
coronary heart disease (CHID)
coronary arties blocked
atherosclerosis
plaque distributed irregular
angina
chest pain caused by restricted blood supply to heart, warning of MI
heart attack/ mydocardial infarction
tissue death to part of the heart muscle from lwo blood flow
symptoms of heart attack
pain/discomfort in jaw, neck, back
weak, light-headed, faint
chest pain
angina
pain in arms + shoulders
shortness of breath
hypertension
high BP
1 in 3 adults
sphygmomanometer
BP device
korotkoff
tapping noises through stethoscope
systolic pressure
first sound
dystolic pressure
last sound
cerebrovascular accident (CVA)/ STROKE
brain cell injury from blockage of blood vessels
atherosclerosis
F(ace) A(rm) S(peech) T(ime)
organs affected by heart disease
brain
eyes
kidneys
extremities
LDL
builds up in arteries
HDL
good cholesterol
reduce heart disease & stroke
cholerstrol rates
T: less than 200
LDL: less than 100
HDL: greater than 50
TRIglycerides: less than 150
hyperlipidemia
high fat bllod level
famlial hypercholesterolemia
genetic disorder
ethanol
alcohol for drinking
7 kcal/g
fermentation
glucose → pyruvate (aneriobic) → CO2 + Acetaldehyde → NADH → Ethanol
alcohol metabolism
liver
excreted by lungs
damaged cell membrane
metabolism depends on body
alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH)
stomach enzyme that breaks down alcohol
ethanol —> acetaldehyde
acetaldehyde dehydrogenase + glutathione
liver
attach acetaldehyde (hangover)
produce acetate
BAC limtis
0.08 legal
0.35 posioning
0.5 death
proof system
1 proof → 0.5% alcohol
80 → 40%
100 → 50%
alcoholism
craving
impaired control
physical dependence
tolerance
alcohol abuse
alcoholism +
fail to go to work
dangerous situation
legal problems
keeps drinking
alcohol dependence
alcoholism + alcohol abuse
fetal alcohol symdrome
drinkig parent affects fetus
anti-diurectic hormone
posterior lobe in pituitary gland
urinate
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