Psychology Exam 4

Yerkes- Dodson law

Simple task are performed best when arousal levels are relatively high, while complex task are best performed when arousal is lower

Maslow Hierarchy - Physiological needs

Spectrum of needs ranging from basic biological needs to social needs to self-actualization, food, water, etc

motivation

: wants or needs that direct behavior towards some goal

extinct motivation

arise from external factors

intrinsic motivation

based on internal feeling

Freudian slip

slips of the tongue (saying a word you did not intend to say) are sexual/aggressive urges accidently slipping out of our unconscious

defense mechanism: regression

retunring to previous coping strategies

inferiority complex

: refers to a person’s feelings that they lack worth and don’t measure up to other’s or to society’s’ standards

Fear and the amygdala

   Involved in fear and fear memories (memory storage is influence by stress hormones)

difference between sigmund freud and the neo-freudians

neo freudians reduced the emphasis on sex

Alfred adler and birth order - main contribution to psycology

suggesting that our birth order shapes our personality

Behavioral perspective on personality

personality is significant shaped by the reinforcements and consequences outside of the organism

slef serving bias

tendency to explain successes due to internal characteristics and failure due to. External factors

fundemental attributions

Tendency to overemphasize internal factors as attributions for behavior and underestimate the power of the situation

just world hypothesis

belief that people get what they deserve and deserve what they get.

Stanford Prison Experiment: social roles are powerful determinant of human behvior

A psychological study conducted by Philip Zimbardo in 1971 that demonstrated how situational forces and assigned roles can influence behavior and lead to abusive actions.

normative social influence

Conformity to a group norm to fit in, feel good, and be accepted by the group

prejudice

a negative attitude and feeling toward an individual based solely on one’s membership in a particular social group

what is the most important fact that predict the person with whom you’ll be friend or fall in love with? the amount of contact you have with people

Proximity

diffusion of reponsibility

Tendency for on one in a group to help because the responsibility to help spread throughout the group

psychology

refers to the scientific study if the mind and behavior

theory

a well-supported, evidence-based explanation of human thoughts, emotions, and behaviors, aiming to not only describe but also predict future behaviors or events

Asch effect

group majority influences and individuals’ judgements, even when that judgment is inaccurate

Main point of milgram’s’ study: individuals will obey authority to the point of potentially causing harm

 obedience, change in behavior to please an authority figure or to avoid aversive consequences

congruence- personality psycology

a state where an individual's self-concept is aligned with their experiences, promoting authenticity and psychological well-being.

personality disorder

a type of mental health disorder characterized by enduring maladaptive patterns of behavior, cognition, and inner experience.

internal locus of control

belief that we control our own outcomes (Internal)

External locus of control

belief that our outcomes are outside of our control (external)