chemistry rate of reaction:

What affects the rate of reaction?

amount of reactants( or pressure of gas)

Temperature

Surface area( particle size) of solid reactants

Prescence of catalyst

What is the collision theory?

Collision theory is used to explain the rates of reaction. For a chemical reaction to occur between two particles, they must collide. The colliding particles must have enough energy to react.

Define rate of reaction

The rate of reaction is the amount of reactant used or the amount of product formed. It is the gradient in a graph.

what is activation energy

The minimum amount of energy particles must have to react is called the activation energy.

what is the difference between a endothermic and exothermic reaction

an endothermic reaction absorbs heat from their surroundings whereas an exothermic reaction releases heat to their environment

Why does increasing temperature affect the rate of reaction?

Increasing the temperature increases the rate of reaction because the particles gain more kinetic energy. This causes them to move faster and collide more frequently. The collisions also have more energy, so a greater proportion of them exceed the activation energy, making them successful. As a result, the rate of reaction increases

Why does increasing the pressure or gas or amount of a solid reactant affect the rate of reaction?

Increasing the pressure of a gas increases the rate of reaction because the gas particles are forced closer together in a smaller volume. This results in more frequent collisions between reacting particles, increasing the number of successful collisions per second. Similarly, increasing the surface area of a solid reactant exposes more particles to the other reactants, allowing more collisions to occur at the surface, which also increases the reaction rate

Define concentration?

Concentration is the amount of a substance (solute) in a given volume of solution. It is the ratio of the number of particles (or amount in moles) to the volume (usually in dm³)

What is a catalyst?

A catalyst is a substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction by lowering the activation energy, but it is not used up or changed in the reaction

Why does the concentration of a product affect the rate of reaction?

Increasing the concentration of a solution means there are more reactant particles in the same volume, which leads to more frequent collisions and a faster rate of reaction

Using the concept of activation energy to explain your answer, why does a catalyst increase the rate of reaction?

A catalyst increases the rate of reaction by providing an alternative reaction pathway with a lower activation energy. This means that more reacting particles have enough energy to overcome this lower barrier, resulting in more successful collisions per second. As a result, the reaction happens faster.