History: Political + Economic Systems

planned market

-decided by the government

-government divides the production + distribution evenly with set amounts for everyone

-the products are given to the citizens

-ex. Communism

advantages of planned market

-everyone is treated the same

-everyone has a job

disadvantages of a planned market

-no ways to make money

-less freedom

-no competition

-no creativity

-all power is too the government

-not everyone has the same needs

-can’t predict the future (surplus/shortages)

Mixed market

-decided by the government and the people

-mixed between the two where there are still private businesses but, there are regulations/laws on these businesses created by the government

-available for people who can afford but, with wealth fair systems in place

-ex. America

mixed market advantages

-still freedom

-more safe

-more equality than free market

-there is still creativity + competition

mixed market disadvantages

-profit can be slow

-tax argument

Pure Market

-the people decide the products

-there is total freedom with only private businesses and no safety regulations

-it is provided to people can afford it

ex. early industrial revolution

Pure Market Advantages

-people can make a lot of money

-competition

-total freedom

-high risk/high reward

Pure Market Disadvantages

-companies can monopolize

-rich get richer and poor get nothing

-chance of child labor

-there is no safety or employment regulations

-products can be illegal or dangerous

Left of Moderate

-called liberals

-believe government should get involved with issues

-in favor of higher taxes with larger systems

-for the idea of CHANGE

-supports democratic government

-focused on equity and progression

Right of the Moderate

-called conservatives

-belief in less government involvement

-paying less taxes

-like to keep things the way it used to be or the way they are

-more free market

-supports republican party

Radical

-hate the systems they are under and make a new system

-go to extreme measures to over throw the government ex. French Revolution

-very far left

Reactionary

-want to return back to the way the things used to be

-extreme measure to achieve this ex. dictatorship

-very far right

Conservatives in 1800s

-wealthy landowners

-wanted to keep traditional monarchies in Europe because wealthy people gained from it and they don’t want violence like the French Revolution

Liberals in 1800s

-middle class (newly gained money)

-wanted more freedom + more power to the parliament

-they believe they should have a say due to the amount of money they have ex. founding fathers

-wants more freedom from the government and less taxes

-similar to conservatives ideals now

autocracy

-a type of government with only one leader (monarchy + dictatorship)

monarhcy

-monarchy has a king or queen who rule through their family

-used to have absolute power but, now work WITH other types of government

dictatorship

-when one person has all the power over everyone and don’t represent the citizens)

democracy

-when the people hold the power (two types)

representative democracy

-when they vote to elect someone to help make decisions and solve problems

-of the people don’t like them they can vote for a new one

direct democracy

-when the people directly vote hold all the power (can’t be used in countries are too big)

oligarchy

-when a small group rulers either one race, political parties etc.

junta

-similar to oligarchy but, it is based around the military

-it can lead to a more dictatorship

theocracy

-a government based around religion and religious leaders

-can also can go with other forms of government

anarchy

-when there is no ruler or form of government

-might seem chaotic but, people focus on themselves

-no countries use it

nationalism

-is the loyalty people have towards a nation by glorifying the nation above all including its culture and interests

-can be both positive and negative

Nation-State

-it is the government which represents the nation

-people want this government to represent their nation

Nationalism loyalty

-culture

-history

-language

-territory

-religion

-nationality

Nationalism Positive

-despite differences they are unified for the common good

-overthrow colonial rule

-caused democratic government

-caused advancements through competition

-ex. American revolution

Negatives of Nationalism

-forces people to change their culture if they are a minority

-ethic cleansing

-extreme nationalism

-can lead to warfare

-ex. Nazism