Unit 2: Global Interactions; Exploration and Colonization (Notes # 9-12)

study

Reasons for European exploration

include the desire for new trade routes, the pursuit of wealth, the spread of Christianity, and national competition.

Treaty of Tordesillas

a 1494 agreement between Spain and Portugal that divided newly discovered lands outside Europe. It aimed to resolve disputes over newly explored territories.

First European exploraAon (date/person)

Christopher Columbus in 1492

Columbian Exchange (what was exchanged and what the impacts were)

The Columbian Exchange refers to the widespread transfer of plants, animals, culture, human populations, technology, and ideas between the Americas and the Old World following Columbus's voyages. It significantly impacted diets, economies, and populations on both sides of the Atlantic.

Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade (definition, effects, conditions)

The Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade was the forced transportation of enslaved Africans to the Americas from the 16th to the 19th centuries. It had devastating effects on African societies, contributing to population decline and social disruption, while also fueling the economies of the Americas through slave labor.

Colonization (Locations of colonization, differences in ruling styles/involvement)

The process of establishing control over foreign territories and their populations, often involving settlement and exploitation of resources. Colonization varied by region, with differences in governance styles, such as direct rule versus indirect rule, impacting local cultures and economies.

Mercantilism

The establishment of control over foreign lands and peoples is characterized by settlement and resource exploitation. It involved various governance styles, including direct and indirect rule, influencing local cultures and economies.

Reasons for Ming Dynasty exploration

The Ming Dynasty explored to expand trade networks, establish diplomatic relations, and assert power. Key motivations included seeking tribute, accessing resources, and showcasing China's strength.

Famous Ming Dynasty explorer and ship used

Zheng He and treasure ships

Why didn't the Ming colonize many places

The Ming Dynasty chose not to colonize extensively due to a focus on internal stability, the costs of overseas expansion, and a belief in the superiority of their civilization, prioritizing trade over territorial conquest.

European trading ports in Asia (how they extended beyond the port, impacts)

European trading ports in Asia established footholds for trade networks, influencing local economies and cultures, facilitating the spread of ideas, and leading to increased competition among European powers.