Poli Sci Quiz - Stereotyping, Prejudice, and Tolerance

Difference between stereotype and prejudice?

Stereotype is cognitive process of evaluating a group

Prejudice is affective process of evaluating a group

What is the basic process of stereotyping?

To evaluate presence of danger, we use categorization to improve cognitive efficiency

Who are most likely to use stereotypes?

People high on authoritarianism, high on subtle racism, high on modern or hostile sexism

What is the stereotype content model?

Stereotypes are based on 2 dimensions: Warmth and Competence, where different groups have different levels of both of those for the stereotypes they have.

What is warmth? Competence?

Warmth: Does a person intend to cause me harm?

Competence: Can this person cause me harm?

Name one group high warmth low competence. Name one high warmth high competence. Name one low warmth high competence. Name one low warmth low competence.

High Warmth, Low Competence: Elderly

High Warmth, High Competence: Christians

Low Warmth, High Competence: Asians

Low Warmth, Low Competence: Homeless

What is the multiple categorical processing bias?

You see in-group members more quickly and more heterogeneous (unique). See out-group members as more homogeneous.

What is stereotype matching bias?

The more you make a stereotypical evaluation of a group, the faster you become at it.

What is default bias?

Deviations from the stereotypical default are linguistically marked. For example: NBA (national basketball association) v.s WNBA (women’s national basketball association)

Explain the BIAS model?

Combines stereotyping and prejudice by theorizing emotions and behaviors. For example, it states that for a group we would consider to be low in competence and low in warmth, we would then hold contempt for them.

How to measure prejudice?

Feeling thermometers, Marriage questions, Neighbor questions

What does intergroup contact theory state?

Contact between groups reduces prejudice under certain conditions:

1. Equal status in context

2. Common goals

3. Support of authorities, laws, and/or norms

4. Cooperative in-group behavior

Explain the Earle paper: what were they researching, what did they find, what was their logic for their hypotheses?

Researched: Does increased personal contact with Lesbian, Gay, and Transgender people associate with increased support for Lesbian, Gay and Transgender rights? Does living in a country with more LGT rights also increase support for the rights? They found yes, positive associations all 4 scenarios, logic is based on contact theory and protections —> greater of both should lead to greater support!