Exam 3: a and p 2

3 layers of the brain

Dura (2) arachnoid and pia mater

Extensions of the dura mater

Falx cerebri, tentorium cerebelli, falx cerebelli

Blood flow to brain

To: vertebral and carotid artery

From: jugular vein

BBB blood brain barrier

Barrier between blood tissue and brain tissue to stop toxins from getting to the brain

CSF

fills ventricles and acts as blood (carries nutrients and prevents toxins)

Choroid plexus

Cluster of ependymel cells and blood vessels that line ventricles and make CSF

CSF flow

Lateral ventricle → third ventricle → fourth ventricle → subarachnoid space → arachnoid villi

Brain stem parts (3)

Medulla oblongta, pons, midbrain

Medulla oblongata

vestibulochochlear and hypoglossal

Reflexes: heart rate, respiratory rate, vasoconstriction, swallowing, coughing, vomiting, sneezing, and hiccuping

Pons

Trigeminal abducens facial and vestibular part

Voluntary skeletal movements from cerebrum to cerebellum

Pneumotaxic and apneustic (control of breathing patterns)

Midbrain

Oculomotor and trochlear

Motor information from cerebrum to cerebellum and spinal cord

Sends sensory information from spinal cord to thalamus

Auditory and visual reflex

Reticular formation

Network of neurons that helps maintain consciousness

Cerebellum

Coordination of skeletal muscle and maintains normal muscle tone posture and balance

Diencephalon

Thalamus hypothalamus and epithalamas

Thalamus

Relay center for all sensory information except smell

Hypothalamus

Regulation of homeostasis with help of hormones

Epithalmus

Pineal gland which makes melatonin

Longitudinal fissure

Cuts brain down the middle

Gyrus and sulcus

Gyrus is brain surface itself

Sulcus are grooves

Lobes (4)

Frontal: motor activity

Parietal: sensory information

Temporal: hearing

Occipital: information

Corpus collosum

Sends information between left and right hemispheres

Parts of limbic system (2)

Amygdala: emotion

Hippocampus: memory

Somatic nervous system

Voluntary muscle muscles

Sensory sensations like touch pain and temp

Special senses

Autonomic nervous system

Nonvoluntary muscles (things we don’t control)

Eg Heart rate and respitory rate

Mylenaion of nervou system

Somatic: mylenated and single cell

Autonomic: some mylenated with two cells

Autonomic neurons

Preganglionic: cell body in CNS to ganglia

Postganglionic: unmyelinated axon from ganglion to effector