Respiratory Care Pharmacology Chapter 1: Introduction to Respiratory Care Pharmacology

drug

any chemical that alters an organisms functions or processes

pharmacology

the study of drugs, including their origins, properties, and interactions with living organisms

pharmacy

the preparation and dispensing of drugs

pharmacognosy

the identification of sources of drugs (plants, animals)

pharmacogenetics

the study of the interrelationship of genetic differences and drug effects

therapeutics

the art of treating disease with drugs

Toxicology

the study of substances and their pharmacologic actions including antidotes and poison control

chemical name

drug name that indicates the drugs chemicals structure

code name

the name assigned by a manufacturer to an experimental chemical that shows its potential as a drug

generic name

the name assigned to a chemical by the United States Adopted Name Council (USAN) when the chemical appears to have therapeutic use and the manufacturer wants to market the drug

official drug

name of the drug when it has been approved after experimentation

True

True or False: the generic name is the same as the official name

FALSE: the generic and official names are nonproprietary names

True or False: the generic and official names are proprietary names

trade name

the brand name given by a manufacturer

TRUE: the trade name is a brand name that is specific to a particular manufacturer

True or False: the trade name is proprietary

United States Paramacopeia-National Formulary (USPNF)

the FDA's book of standards for official information about medications, dietary supplements, and medical devices

chemical synthesis

what is the most common source of drug preparation

-plants

-minerals

-animal contributions

name the 3 sources of drug chemical synthesis

1. chemical isolation

2. animal studies

3. Investigational New Drug (IND) approval

4. New Drug Application (NDA)

name the 4 phases for drug approval in the United States

orphan drugs

drug used for rare diseases that is not anticipated to recover the cost of it's development

prescription

written order for a drug along with written instructions for compounding, dispensing, and taking the drug

patients name, address, and date

what is the first part of a prescription?

Rx: recipe

what is the second part of a prescription?

Inscription; name and quantity of the drug.

what is the third part of a prescription? what does it indicate?

Subscription; directions on preparing the drug

what is the fourth part a prescription? what does it indicate?

Sig; includes written instructions from the physician to the patient

what is the fifth part of a prescription? what does it indicate?

the name of the prescriber

what is the sixth part of a prescription?

-smaller doses

-fewer side effects

-rapid onset

-targets the respiratory system

-painless

name the five advantages of aerosolized agents given by inhalation