CNA Exam- 1st Semester

Ch. 1-13

Hospice Care

Heath-care setting where generally people who will die in six months or less

where is long-term care offered

skilled nursing facilities

care given by specialists to help restore or improve function after an illness or injury

rehabilitation

HMO means

Health Maintenance organization

group with the longest average stay in long-term care facilities

developmentally disabled

procedure

is a method or way of doing something

medicare will pay for

only care that determines to be medically necessary

surveys

inspections performed in facilities to make sure they following state and fed regulations

registered nurse rn

care team member who assigns tasks and supervises daily care of residents in a long-term care facility

registered nurse who has completed training at a postgraduate (master’s or doctoral) level

advanced practice registered nurse APRN

care team member might help residents learn to use assistive devices for eating or dressing

occupational therapist

NA’s can not…

Change STERILE dressings

have to do with the knowledge of right and wrong

ethics

obra was passed as a response to…

reports of poor care and abuse in a long term care facility

how many hours of training does obra require for na

at least 75 hours

how many hours of in service education does obra require for na’s every year

at least 34 hrs

neglect means

harming a person physically mentally or emotionally by failing to provide needed care

Threatening to harm a resident if he tells another caregiver about a problem is an example of

psychological abuse

which organization typically investigates charges of abuse against na’s

CMS centers for Medicaid and Medicare services

what does an ombudsman do ?

advocates for residents and helps settle disputes

what is the purpose of the patient self determination act PSDA

to give adults information about their rights related to advance directives

what is an example of an advance directive

durable power of attorney for health care

what is objective information

fact-based data that is both measurable and observable

example: there are raised red marks the size of pinpricks on her torso

documentation should be recorded when?

immediately after care is given

a way a na can help a resident with a visual impairment

use the face of an imaginary clock to explain positions of objects

what is a pathogen

a harmful microorganism

which of the following is a mucous membrane

the lining of the eyes

what determines the type of transmission based precautions used in any given situation

how the infection is transmitted

an example of a restraint alternative is

giving the resident a repetitive task

which term applies to body mechanics

fulcrum and lever

what is a way to using proper body mechanics

na should stand with legs shoulder width apart

when helping resident sit up stand or walk na should bend her kees

race is an acronym for

remove residents, activate alarm or call 911 contain fire , extinguish

in chain of infection what is meant by reservoir

where the pathogen lives and multiplies

pathogens that require—- precautions are able to remain floating for some time after being expelled

airborne

how many links in the chain of infection must be broken to ensure infection is NOT spread

one!

which type of hepatitis is a Bloodborne disease and a serious threat to healthcare workers which is why they should take the free vaccine offered for it

Hepatitis B

why is an alcohol based sanitizer not effective in eliminating c. diff from the hands

bc hand sanitizers are not effective in eliminating spores that cause c diff

staff may refer to residents who need transmission based precautions as being..

in isolation

human immunodeficiency virus HIV is the virus that can cause…

AIDS acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

in which situation is tuberculosis most likely spread?

in a small home where many people share each room

major factor in the spread of tuberculosis?

failure to take all prescribed meds

which of the following is true of multidrug resistant organisms MDROS

MDROS are a rising problem in healthcare

what PPE should always be worn working with covid patients

mask and goggles

one condition or problem that can cause a lack of sensation

diabetes

what info does a safety data sheet have sds

info abt emergency response actions

---

is the result of temporary lack of blood to the brain and is a warning of a stroke

transient ischemic attack

if person is in shock or does not have a head neck back spinal or abdominal injury breathing difficulties or fractures a na caring for her should

elevate legs 8 to 12 inches

sign of shock?

extreme thirst

women are more likely to have this symptom when suffering heart attack

shortness of breath

sweet or fruity breath deep or labored breathing and increased thirst are all signs of

diabetic ketoacidosis

why should mouth of someone who has swallowed poison be checked

to see if there are any chemical burns

when responding to shock victim it is important to

maintain normal body temp

how should nosebleed be treated

squeezing both sides of the nose on the soft part up near the bridge between gloved thumb and forefinger

when a resident is experiencing hypoglycemia or insulin reaction she has….

either too much insulin or too little food in her system

after controlling bleeding it is important to check for symptoms of…

shock

a heart attack happens when the heart muscle does not receive enough —- because —- are blocked

oxygen, blood vessels

in infants physical development moves from

the head down

children in their —— years develop vocab/lang skills learn to play cooperatively in groups and learn right from wrong

preschool 3 - 5 yrs

which stage of development involves learning to speak gaining coordination of limbs and control over bladder and bowels

toddler 1-3

most common developmental disability is

intellectual disability

which is true of autism spectrum disorder asd

boys are more often affected than girls

what is effective when trying to communicate with residents who have cerebral palsy

allow residents to move slowly

condition where person has suffered brain damage either while in the uterus or during birth and which causes problems with muscle coordination speech and gait is…

cerebral palsy

two gases exchanged in the lungs

oxygen, carbon dioxide

upper chambers of the heart called the left atrium and right atrium, —— blood and the lower chambers or ventricles —- blood

receive, pump

largest body system

integumentary system

what are the two phases of the heartbeat called

systole and diastole

how is lymph circulated

through muscle activity massage and breathing

s e x glands are also called

gonads

in what position will residents who have most breathing difficulties feel most comfy

sitting straight up

what is the name for mucus coughed up from lungs

sputum

kidneys-

thyroid-

• filter out waste

• produces hormone that reg. metabolism or burning of food for heat and energy

which change to the male reproductive system may interfere with urination in older men ?

prostate gland enlargens

what happens in a contracture ?

the muscle or tendon shortens becomes inflexible and freezes in position

how often should bedbound residents be repositioned?

at least every 2 hours

how often should residents in wheelchairs be repostioned?

at least every hour

a resident who has her head and shoulders elevated and is in a semi sitting position 45-60 degrees is in the

fowler’s position

a resident who is lying on her left side with her upper knee flexed and raised toward the chest is in ….

sims’ position

what is true of mechanical lifts

they prevent injury

how should a resident use a cane to aid ambulation

place the cane about 6 inches in front of stronger leg

how will a na measure a resident who can’t get out of bed

use a tape measure

which position is the resident places for examination of the breast chest and abdomen

dorsal recumbent position

overbed table is used for

meals

the bedside stand is used for ?

storing small valuables

when should sheets be changed?

when they are soiled wrinkled or damp

according to obra what temp must long term facilities maintain

71-81 degrees f

what describes a bed that is completely made with bedspread and blankets in place?

closed bed

the circadian rhythm is

the 24 hour day-night cycle

medicaid offers

health coverage for low income and often covers long term care

medicaid

federal program for people 65 or older

part a covers: hospital care

part b covers: doctor services

cms stands for

centers for Medicare and Medicaid services

and oversees Medicare medicaid and long term care regulations

hand washing must be done for

at least 20 seconds

normal vital sign ranges

temp 98.6 f

pulse 60-100 bpm

respirations 12-20 bpm