EMT HOSA TERMS

contraindication

reasons not use the medicine

aspirin

prevents the platelets in the blood from the clotting

boots and back braces

accessories that the EMT use while lifting the patient

actions in controlling airway

opening and securing

hypoperfusion

inadequate supply of oxygen, glucose and other nutrients

examples of PPE

glowes, mask(pocket mask, respirator),isolation gown, goggles or face shield

basic skills for EMT (IAVB)

Infection control, airway control, ventilation, bleeding control

parenteral (pe-teran-tral)

inhalation and injection of medicine

6 emergency way to carry a patient

rescuer assist,pack strap, cradle carry, the firefighter carry, seat carry, chair carry

rescuer assist -

rescuer is carrying the patient, helping the patient walk

pocket strap

used to carry patient who is consious or unconsious for meetable distance

cradle carry

used especially for childrens

the firefighter carry

seat carry

chair carry

oropharyngeal

it is plastic molded device used to keep the tongue off the mouth

blood pressure readings

diastolic and systolic

**systolic**

it is **highest** level of pressure in the arteries when the heart pumps and pumps blood out of the body, it is an indicator that the heart is exerting pressure to pump blood throughout the circulatory system.

it is the sign that the heart is working harder and can be the sign of hypertension

pressure in the arteries during the contraction phase

diastolic

It is the lowest level of pressure in the arteries when the heart is at rest between beats. it indicates that the resistance of blood flow through out of the circulatory system

a high diastolic blood pressure indicates that blood vessels are stiffened or narrowed, it increases the risk of heart disease, stroke, or other health problems

a normal blood pressure reading is 120/80mmHg

120- systolic

80 -diastolic

highest diastolic pressure that the arteries can reach is

110mm Hg

on-line medical control

the doctor is with the patient in the EMT spot

neurogenic **s**hock- it is ==trauma==

vessels dilated losing pressure and ability to pump against gravity. spinal cord injury causes neurogenic shock. nerves in the spinal cord are damaged and could be able send messages to the nerves that control other functions of the body

shock -

s- spinal cord

extrinsic diseases

the diseases that are contagious and able to spread

bronchodilators

increasing airflow by increasing bronchioles diameter

bronchiolitis -

is the common lung infection that is often seen in the children, infants. irritation, swelling, mucus developing in the small airways. these small airways are called as bronchioles. it is starts with a common symptom common cold and it is caused by a virus

direct lift

from floor to the bed

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discs

shock absorbers in the back that are painful

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what do you administer if there is respiratory difficulty or patient suspected to be in shock, had stroke or seizure

oxygen

vector

an living organism that transmit disease from the infected animal to human or animal

crowing

sound that occur when the muscles around the ***larynx spasm***

auscultation

the act of listening

vital signs

the signs that should be repeated every 10-15 minutes

snoring

tongue block the airway

septic shock

caused by a infection that results in dilated blood vessels

EMT’s should be able to lift at least

125 lbs- 56kg

signs of shock

tachycardia, tachypnea, thirst, nausea confusion, cool and pale skin

questions when handling medication

right medication?right patient?right route?right date? right dose?

tracheostomy and stoma

holes that are created surgically and used to create airways

normal breathing rate (adult)

12-20bpm

normal breathing rate (child)

15-30bpm

normal breathing rate(infant)

25-50bpm

sequence for basic airway control

open, asses, suction, secure

OPQRST

O- Onset- what were you doing when this happen

P- provokes? triggers?

Q- quality of discomfort ? how you feeling nausea, vomiting, headache

R- radiation - does it spread to other place ; where did the pain start

S- signs and symptoms

T- time - when did it start

SAMPLE

signs and symptoms

allergies

medications

past medical history

last oral intake

event leading to the illness

cardiogenic shock

due to the inadequate pumping of the heart

neurological, brain and eye alters

pupil dilation

***pro***phylaxis

pro- advanced

action taken to prevent exposure to the disease

treatment of shock

reduce heat loss, control bleeding, oxygenation

reassesment

procedure for detecting changes in the patient’s condition

steps for reassessment

1. primary assessment
2. reassess
3. record vital signs
4. **repeat pertinent part of the history and physical exam**
5. check interventions

interventions

A procedure taken to prevent disease, treat disease and improve health in other ways

enteral

ingestion(absorption) of medication

nitroglycerin - vasodilatory drug

dilates blood vessel and reduce blood pressure, help for anginal chest pain, can be used during heart attack

anaphylaxis

exposure to the severe allergic reactions

in medical terms an means away

epinephrine

constricts blood vessels, dilated airway, stimulate fight or flight reaction, used to treat extreme allergies

pulse rate is also known as heart rate (adults)

60-100bpm

normal pulse rate for new born baby (0-1 month)

70-190 beats per minute

infants normal pulse rate

80-160 bpm

children 3-4 years

80- 120 bpm

children 5-6

75-115bpm

children 7-9

70-110bpm

four emergency ways to carry a patient **CBAF**

clothing

blanket

arm

firefighters

cricoid pressure

should not use during cardiac arrest, used in endo intubation tracheal to reduce the risk of regurgitation in simple words

what can determine an obstruction of the airway

abnormal sounds

compression rate

100 compressions per min

HOW TO DO CPR

1. first give 30 compressions(5 cycles of 30 compressions)
2. give breaths by tin lift and place your mouth over the persons mouth
3. two breaths or for 2 minutes

braxton hicks contractions

irregular pre-labor contractions of the uterus

placenta previa

the placenta is formed in the abnormal location which will not allow for normal delivery of the fetus. causes excessive amount of bleeding during pre-birth

placenta

the organ that is formed in the uterus during pregnancy

==***pre***==eclampsia

a complication of pregnancy where the women retains large amounts of fluids and hypertension. sometimes experience coma or seizure which is every risk for the infant

premature infant

any newborn weighing 5’1/2 pounds and born before 37th week of pregnancy

amount of blood in adult

1\.2 -1.5 gallons and 5 liters of blood

***amount of blood in children who weighs* ==*80 pounds*==**

**2650** ml, approximately **2** litters of blood**; 0.5** gallons

amount of blood in baby who weighs 8 pounds

0\.7 gallons, 270ml, 0.264 liters, 0.3 liters

amount of blood in newborn

0\.075 liters, 75 ml

AVPU

alert, voice, pain, unresponsiveness

hypoxia

inadequate supply of oxygen to the body tissues to maintain homeostasis

symptoms include:

confusion

blueish skin

restlessness

difficulty breathing

diaphoretic

induced perspiration or in simples words more sweating

avulsion

force-fully tearing of the skin or other parts of the body

**hematoma**

pool of clotted blood in an organ or tissue. it caused by broken blood vessels by surgery or injury. can occur anywhere in the body including the brain

vasculitis

Inflamation of the blood vessel

phl*e*bo

v***e***in

cephalo

relating to head or skull

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entero

intestines

PCR

patient care report

dilated pupil

may indicate blood loss, drugs, prescription, eye-drop

constricted pupils

miosis refers to small or constricted pupils, the muscles of the iris will tighten around the pupil

pupil -

the black colored middle part of the eye, inside iris

iris

colored part of the eye

unequal pupil

anisocoria, stroke, head injury, artificial eye, prescription eyedrops

lack of reactivity in the pupils

injury or compression of the third cranial nerve and upper brain stem, due to lack of brain supply to the brain

the area where the patient indicated was hurting

where do you palpate last

palpate

the doctor is touching the patient for medical purposes

jaundice

yellowish tinge of the skin, breakdown in the red blood cells

renal failure

occurs when the kidneys lose their ability to filter the blood and remove toxins in excess fluid from the body

dialysis

the process which the blood is filtered and removed toxins by the a machine. treatment for renal/kidney failure

shunt

the passage that allows the blood or other bodily fluids to move from the one part of the body to the other

drainage that runs from the brain to the abdomen to relieve excess CSF cerebrospinal fluid

perfusion

supply of oxygen to and removal of waste from the body cells and tissues as a result of blood flowing through the capillaries

most common and effective way to control bleeding

direct pressure