Functional anatomy ch 11 pt 2

trunk and spine

what is a true rib

ribs that attatch directly to the sternum

what is a false rib and how is it categorized

3 pairs - attatch indirectly to the sternum via shared costal cartilege

2 pairs -floating ribs, ends are free 

where do all ribs attach

posterior to the thoracic vertebrae

what is the sternum made up of

manubrium

body of sternum

xiphiod process

lumbar vertebrae

Body

transverse process

articulating facets» superior, inferior

intervertebral discs

allows compression in all directions and torsion

annulus fibrosus

fibrocartilege outer rim of the intervertebral disks 

Nucleus pulposus

gelatinous pulpy substance of the intervertebral disk

herniated disk and symptoms

occurs when the soft, jelly-like center of an intervertebral disc (cushion between spinal bones) pushes through its tough outer layer and presses on nearby nerves. 

causes radiating pain, numbness, tingling, etc

spinal flexion

head moves towards chest

in the lumbar region the thorax moves towards the pelvis

spinal extension 

head moves away from chest and thorax moves away from pelvis

spinal lateral flexion

side bending, head moves laterally towards the shoulder and thorax moves laterally towards pelvis

spinal reduction 

return movement from lateral flexion to neutral in the frontal plane

spinal rotation

rotary movement of spine in horizontal plane; chin rotates from neutral toward shoulder & thorax rotates to one side

What is the dermatome and myotome of nerve root C1

dermatome- top of head

myotome- cervical flexion 

what is the dermatome and myotome for nerve root C2

dermatome- temple

myotome- cervical flexion 

what is the dermatome and myotome of nerve root C3

Dermatome- lateral neck

mytome- cervical lateral flexion 

what is the dermatome and mytome for nerve root C4

dermatome- top of shoulder, clavicle

myotome- shoulder elevation 

what is the dermatome and mytome of nerve root C5

dermatome- lateral shoulder-deltoid

mytome- Shoulder abduction 

what is the dermatome and mytome for nerve root C6

dermatome- Anterior arm, radial side of hand to thumb and index finger

mytome- elbow flexion and wrist extension

what is the dermatome and mytome for nerve root C7 

dermatome- index, middle, and ring finger

mytome- elbow extension, wrist flexion 

What is the dermatome and mytome for nerve root C8

dermatome- 5th digit, ulnar border of hand

myotome- thumb extension, ulnar deviation

what is the dermatome and mytome of nerve root T1

dermatome- Medial aspect of upper arm

Mytome- finger adduction