Geography Revision For Semester Exam

Y7

Weather

The daily changes in temperature, precipitation etc.. (conditions)

What four factors describe weather?

Temperature, precipitation, humidity, atmospheric pressure

Climate

The average weather experienced by an area over many years

What 8 factors describe climate?

Latitude, seasons, aspect, altitude, prevailing winds, mountain barriers, distance from the ocean, ocean currents

Precipitation

The natural deposit of water in liquid or solid form on the Earth's surface.

What are the 6 examples of precipitation?

Rain, Snow, Hail, Sleet, Dew, Frost

Frontal rainfall

When a warm air mass meets a cold air mass

the warm air rises above the denser cold air mass.

Orographic Rainfall

Warm, moist air travels from the ocean and is forced upwards when it hits a mountain.

As it rises, the moisture condenses into rain that falls on the coastal side of the mountain.

Convectional Rainfall

The sun evaporates water and warm, moist air rises into the sky and condenses to form clouds.

Atmospheric Pressure

The weight of the air pushing downwards onto Earth.

What are high pressures systems also known as?

Anticyclones

Air pressure range of high pressure systems

>1013 hPa

Air movement of high pressure systems

Cold air descending to the ground

High pressure systems: Weather

Fine, settled

High Pressure System wind direction: SH and NH

Anti-clockwise, clockwise

2 other names for low pressure systems

Cyclones, depressions

Air pressure range for low pressure systems

<1013

Low pressure systems: Air movement

Warm air rising

Low pressure systems: Weather

Unsettled weather + fronts

Low pressure systems: Wind direction - SH, NH

Clockwise, Anti-clockwise

What are Cold Fronts?

When a cold air mass overtakes warm air mass

Cold Front Symbol

Cold Front speed of change

Fast/abrupt

Cold Front weather

Heavy rain, change in wind direction, drop in temperature

What is a warm front?

A warm air mass over takes a cold air mass

Warm Front symbol

Warm front speed of change

Slow

Warm front weather change

Heavy rain, strong winds, higher temperature

Trough

an elongated area of low atmospheric pressure

% of Earth water is salty water or freshwater

97%, 3%