19th Century Irish Politics
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Unionism and Nationalism between 1800 and 1900
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176 Terms
Who led the “Patriots”?
Grattan
When was the Wolfe Tone rebellion?
1798
When was Emmet’s rebellion?
1803
How many men took part in Emmet’s rebellion?
300
How many died in Emmett’s rebellion?
50
Which Catholic clergyman denounced Emmet’s rebellion on the morning it was meant to occur?
Archbishop Troy of Dublin
When was Emmet executed?
September 1803
How many people were executed following Emmet’s rebellion?
22
When did the first emancipation bill fail?
1821
What did O’Connell say after the first emancipation bill failed?
“Twenty years have passed away and still we are slaves”
When did the second emancipation bill fail?
1826
When did O’Connell establish the Catholic Association?
1823
How much was the Catholic Rent?
One penny / month
How much money was collected with the Catholic Rent in the first nine months?
£20,000
How much money did the Catholic Rent raise between 1826 and 1829?
£35,000
What do the Irish peasants call O’Connell during the Emancipation Campaign?
“The Deliverer”
Which Catholic bishop published pamphlets in support of Catholic Emancipation?
Bishop Doyle
How many Catholics were represented by the Catholic Association?
7 million
According to Rees, mass support allowed the Emancipation Campaign to become…
“The crusade of an irresistible mass movement”
How many pro-Emancipation candidates were returned in the 1826 election?
4
When did Lord Liverpool resign from his position as Prime Minister (kickstarting the Emancipation Crisis)?
February 1827
Who replaced Lord Liverpool as Prime Minister?
Canning
When did Wellington become Prime Minister?
January 1828
Who repealed the Test and Corporations Act?
Russell
When did Russell repeal the Test and Corporations Acts?
February 1828
When was the County Clare byelection?
1828
O’Connell won the County Clare byelection by a vote of _________
2057 to 982
When was the Roman Catholic Emancipation Act passed?
1829
The House of Lords passed Catholic Emancipation with a _____ majority
2:1
How did O’Connell describe Catholic Emancipation?
“Bloodless revolution”
The 1829 Act increased the voting freehold from forty shillings to _____
£10 / household
The 1829 Roman Catholic Emancipation Act reduced the electorate to a ______ of its original size
Sixth
How did O’Connell describe the aim of repeal of the 1801 Act of Union?
His “ultimate object”
When was the Great Reform Bill passed?
1832
How many O’Connellite MPs were there after the 1832 election?
39
Which act created divisions between the Whigs and the Repeal campaigners?
1833 Coercion Act
When did O’Connell first introduce a motion for repeal?
April 1834
O’Connell’s motion for repeal in 1834 was defeated by a vote of _______
523 to 38
When was the Litchfield House Compact formed?
1835
When did the Litchfield House Compact collapse?
1840
O’Connell’s over-reliance on the Whigs earned him the name _________
“The Irish Tail”
When did Drummond become Irish Undersecretary?
1835
When did Drummond introduce significant tithe reform?
1838
What fraction of positions in Drummond’s executive went to Irish Catholics?
1/3
When was the Corporations Act passed? (Link to LHC)
1840
When did O’Connell become Lord Mayor of Dublin?
1841
When did O’Connell form the National Repeal Association?
1840
What were the Catholic bishops demanding during the Repeal Campaign?
“Reform first”
How many seats did the O’Connellites win in Westminster 1841?
19
When did Peel crush the would-be Clontarf monster meeting?
7th October 1843
How many British troops were sent to crush the Clontarf meeting?
3000
How many people would attend O’Connell’s monster meetings?
3-4 million
When did Peel increase the government’s annual grant to Maynooth College?
1845
Peel increased the annual Maynooth Grant from £9000 to _________
£26,000
Peel sanctioned a one-off donation of _________ to Maynooth College
£30,000
When was the Colleges Bill introduced?
1845
The 1845 Colleges bill aimed to introduce three universities in…
Belfast, Cork, Galway
O’Connell came into conflict with __________ over the 1845 Colleges Bill?
Young Ireland
Who led Young Ireland?
Davis
What was the name of Young Ireland’s newspaper?
“The Nation”
When did Young Ireland announce its willingness to use violence?
1846
The Irish population fell by ___ during the Irish Famine?
25%
Which prominent member of Young Ireland accused the British of genocide during the Irish Famine?
Mitchel
What did Mitchel say that established Ireland as a republican organisation?
“An Irish republic, one and indivisible”
When was Young Ireland established?
1841
When was Mitchel arrested, provoking the Young Ireland rebellion?
May 1848
When was the Young Ireland rebellion?
1848
How many men rebelled as part of the 1848 Young Ireland rebellion?
100
How does Rees describe the timing of the Young Ireland rebellion?
“Suicidal”
What mocking name has been assigned to the 1848 rebellion?
“The Battle of Widow McCormack’s Cabbage Patch”
Who led the 1848 rebellion after Mitchel’s arrest?
Smith-O’Brien
How many people were a part of the Irish Republican Brotherhood?
50,000
What was the name of the Fenian newspaper?
“The Irish People”
When did the Vatican condemn oath-bound societies across Europe?
1864
When was the Fenian Uprising?
1867
How did Archbishop Cullen describe the Fenians?
“Godless revolutionaries”
When was the attack of the Manchester Martyrs?
1867
How many Fenians were executed as “Manchester Martyrs”?
4
The 1867 Fenian attacks pushed Gladstone to recognise …
“The vast importance of the Irish controversy”
What was Gladstone’s “mission”?
“My mission is to pacify Ireland”
When did Gladstone introduce the Irish Church Act?
1868
How much was given to Church of Ireland clergymen as compensation after the disestablishment of the Church?
£10 million
How much money was given to secular causes after the disestablishment of the Church of Ireland?
£13 million
How many farmers purchased land previously owned by the Church of Ireland following its disestablishment?
6000
When did Gladstone introduce the First Land Act?
1870
How does Lyons describe the 1870 Land Act?
“Symbolic significance”
When was the Amnesty Association established?
1869
Who was President of the Amnesty Association?
Isaac Butt
Who established the Home Government Association?
Butt
When was the Home Government Association established?
1870
What organisation replaced the Home Government Association?
Home Rule League
When was the Home Rule League established?
1873
How many seats did the Home Rule League win in the 1874 election?
59
Approximately how many Home Rule MPs were truly dedicated to Home Rule in 1874?
20
When does Parnell become leader of the Irish Parliamentary Party (IPP)?
1880
When was there an agricultural depression in Ireland (contributing to the Land War and the revival of agrarian nationalism)?
1879
How many people were evicted in 1879?
6000
When was the Land League established?
1879
Who led the Land League?
Davitt
When was the Land War in Ireland?
1879-1882