Ancient India Vocab Chapter 6

Hinduism

Hinduism is one of the oldest religions in the world. Today it is the third largest practiced religion. It grew out of the religion of the Aryans in ancient India.

Brahman

In Hinduism the universal spirit of which all gods and goddesses are different parts. The writings say that every living soul wants to be reunited with Brahman after death.

Reincarnation

The idea of passing through many lives in different bodies to reach the Brahman. It is the rebirth of the soul or spirit.

Dharma

 Dharma is the divine law. It requires people to perform duties of their caste.

Karma

If Hindus do their duty and live a good life, they will have good karma. This will move them closer to Brahman in their next life.

Buddhism

A religion founded, by Siddhartha Gautama , the Buddha, taught that the way to find truth was to give up all desires

Siddhartha Gautama

He left all his wealth to study with priests to find enlightenment. He is a thinker and teacher who was called a Buddha. He taught others about the nature of life and suffering.

Nirvana

(in Buddhism), a state of wisdom and freedom from the cycle of rebirth.

Dalai Lama

In Tibet, he was the head of the government. He is considered the reincarnation of Buddha.

Theocracy

A government headed by religious leaders.

Chandragupta Maurya

He was an Indian prince who conquered lots of land and created India’s first empire. He founded the Mauryan dynasty.

Dynasty

A series of rulers of the same family.

Ashoka

Known as the greatest king of the Mauryan Empire. He is the first Buddhist King and known for his religious tolerance.

Vedas

Ancient Sanskrit text for Hinduism. It contains hymns, philosophy, and guidance on rituals.