Acids, Bases, and Neutralisation Chemistry

These flashcards cover the key concepts of acids, bases, neutralisation, and related reactions in chemistry.

pH Scale

A measure of the concentration of hydrogen ions, ranging from below 0 to above 14.

Acidic Solution

A solution with a pH below 7, containing a higher concentration of H+ ions than OH- ions.

Alkaline Solution

A solution with a pH between 8 and 14, containing a higher concentration of OH- ions than H+ ions.

Neutral Solution

A solution with a pH of 7, having equal concentrations of H+ and OH- ions.

Neutralisation Reaction

A reaction between an acid and a base that produces water and a salt, moving the pH of the solution towards 7.

Salt

An ionic compound formed in a neutralisation reaction, consisting of a metal or ammonium ion and a negative ion from an acid.

Spectator Ions

Ions in a reaction mixture that do not take part in the reaction and remain unchanged.

Titration

An analytical technique used to determine the accurate volumes involved in chemical reactions, such as neutralisation.

Precipitation Reaction

The formation of an insoluble salt when two soluble salts are mixed together.

Indicators

Compounds that change color based on the pH of the solution.