Nursing Education on Pediatric Disorders

This set of flashcards covers critical concepts from a nursing education lecture focused on pediatric disorders, emphasizing developmental differences, neurological assessments, and management techniques.

What are the categories of disorders discussed in the lecture?

Structural disorders, seizure disorders, infectious disorders, trauma, and chronic disorders.

What does CNS stand for?

Central Nervous System.

What is the primary supplement needed during fetal neural development?

Folic acid.

At how many weeks gestation does the neural tube typically develop?

3 to 4 weeks.

Why do premature infants have an increased risk for hemorrhage?

The brain is highly vascular and underdeveloped.

What vitamin is given to newborns to help with clotting?

Vitamin K.

What process enhances the speed and accuracy of nerve firing in children?

Myelinization.

What happens to a child's coordination as they grow older?

It improves due to myelinization.

What is a common treatment to manage hydrocephalus in children?

Shunt placement.

What does a shunt do in the context of hydrocephalus?

Drains excess cerebrospinal fluid to the peritoneal cavity.

What are signs of increased intracranial pressure (ICP) to monitor?

Headache, vomiting, blurred vision, changes in consciousness.

What is the recommended diet for children with difficult-to-control seizures?

Ketogenic diet.

What monitors the patient's neurostatus in children with seizures?

Level of consciousness and vital signs.

What should caregivers know regarding the ketogenic diet?

Monitor intake, output, growth, and nutritional status.

What condition is characterized by an infant having a head circumference significantly smaller than normal?

Microcephaly.

What developmental milestone affects an infant's head size relative to their body?

Infants have a relatively larger head size compared to their body.

What condition can lead to seizures in neonates?

Neonatal seizures.

What is the main goal of treating febrile seizures?

Determine and treat the underlying cause of the fever.

What is the nursing management for head injuries in children?

Monitor neurological status, observe for signs of increased ICP, and perform appropriate imaging.

What is the leading cause of traumatic death in children?

Nonaccidental head trauma (such as shaken baby syndrome).

Which population is most at risk for drowning?

Children ages one to four years.

What are signs of Reye syndrome?

Severe vomiting, mental status changes, lethargy, irritability.

Which condition requires the use of a medical alert bracelet for management?

Epilepsy.

How often should growth and nutritional status be reevaluated for children on the ketogenic diet?

Every one to two years.

What is the role of the interdisciplinary team in managing neuro disorders?

Ensure communication between specialists like PT, OT, and speech therapy.