Diffusion and Osmosis Quiz

Semi-permeable

the cell membrane is semi-permeable meaning it only allows certain molecules to pass through easily

(Semi- Permeable) Cells must exchange _____ and ______ with its environment, must cross the ____ __________ 

food and wastes

cell membrane 

(Semi-Permeable) Water and gases (____) can move freely, proteins and carbohydrates (______) cannot

Small

Large

1.) Diffusion

The movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to low concentration (down the concentration gradient)

Occurs faster at higher temps

Smaller molecules move faster than larger ones

Example of diffusion

Drop of red dye in water, all water will turn red

(Diffusion) Passive transport- 

no energy required 

2.) Osmosis

The diffusion (high to low) of WATER through a semi-permeable membrane (move water)

Passive transport

3 types of osmosis

Everything wants to be even, balanced (Homeostasis)

Hypertonic Solution

When comparing 2 solution, the solution with the greater concentration of solutes is HYPERTONIC

Means “above strength

Solution has a high solute concentration than cell

Water is pulled out from the cell to equalize the solution and the cell will shrivel

15%?

Hypotonic Solution 

When comparing 2 solutions, the solution with the lower concentration of solutes 

Means “below strength” low strength

Solution has a lower solute concentration than cell

Water goes into cell causing it to swell 

Isotonic

Concentration of solutes is the same inside and outside

Water moves in and out of the solution at the same rate

(Cell and solution its in are equal)

What is Facilitated Diffusion and what is an example

Movement of specific molecules across cell membrane through protein channels

Passive transport!

Ex. Red blood cells have a channel that’s specially designed for glucose to get in and out of the cell (otherwise glucose would be too large to do this)

Active transport 

Using energy to move across a cell membrane against a concentration difference 

Low to high concentration is needed for big particles or ions (charged) particles positive or negative) 

(Active transport) the movement of macromolecules such as proteins or polysaccharides into or out of the cell is called ____ _______

Bulk Transport (This is for big stuff-take out the trash)

What are the two types of bulk transport

Endocytosis and Exocytosis

Smaller particles move with a ________ ________

Protein Pump 

Endocytosis

Cell membrane folds into a pouch (vesicle) and encloses the particle (endo—→ into)

Pinocytosis and Phagocytosis are types of endocytosis

Pinocytosis-

Phagocytosis-

Ingesting liquids

Ingesting solids (food)

Exocytosis 

Wastes and cell produces leave cell (opposite of endocytosis) 

________ is always first but if it doesn’t work then ______ is the second option

Diffusion

Osmosis

Is this hypotonic, hypertonic, or isotonic

Hypotonic

Is this hypotonic, hypertonic, or isotonic 

Hypertonic

Is this hypotonic, hypertonic, or isotonic

Isotonic

Is this solution Hypertonic, Hypotonic, or Isotonic

Hypertonic Solution

Is this solution Hypertonic, Hypotonic, or Isotonic

Hypotonic Solution

Is this solution Hypertonic, Hypotonic, or Isotonic

Isotonic Solution 

For active energy what can it move materials from

Low to high concentration which makes it need energy to move materials because it moves opposite of the gradient

For Passive energy what can it move materials from

It moves materials from high to low and requires no energy because it moves with the gradient which allows it in the end to reach an equilibrium