0424英语

合句的简化方式

从句间相对应位置重复的部分

从属从句简化共通原则 3

1 省略主语

2 省略Be 动词

3 只留补语

简化从句

省略主语

2种情况

各举例

参加葬礼的时候应该穿黑衣，这是基本礼貌

你的房子是木造建筑，不论有没有保险都应该装个火警警铃

空洞的字眼

it is common courtesy that one should wear black while one attends a funeral.

*it is common courtesy to wear black while attending a funeral.

主语在主要从句中重复出现

whether it is insured or not, your house, which is a wooden building, needs a fire alarm.

whether insured or not, your house, a wooden building, needs a fire alarm.

简化从句首先做什么

找到从句

为什么省略be动词

因为没有意义

be动词的作用

串联主语和补语

为什么从句中的主语和be动词可以省略

主要从句有主语，Be动词没意义

从属从句有助动词 改成什么

不定式

从属从句有助动词 改动

他努力学习，通过这样它可以获得奖学金

he studied hard so that he could get a scholarship.

he studied hard

so that he could get a scholarship

in order to get a scholarship.

去掉主语，助动词could 改成 was to, 然后省略was

从属从句没有助动词，也没有Be动词

步骤3

john记得以前见过这位女士

1加一个 be 动词， 改成进行时

2ving 作补语

3省略主语和be动词

john remembers that he saw his lady before

john remembers

that he saw his lady before

that he was seeing this lady before.

seeing this lady before.

john remembers seeing this lady before.

为什么简化从句可以省略连接词

因为，简化后，没有主语没有be动词，不是句子了，不需要连接词

所以从属从句简化

有主语 be动词，则省略。

没有be 动词，有助动词，改成be动词 加 to 再省略主语be动词

如果没有be 动词，也没有助动词，改成进行时，再去掉主语B动词

形容词从句又叫什么

关系从句

关系从句中，关系词是关系从句的宾语怎么简化

i like that person.

you asked him

i like that person whom you asked.

i like that person you asked.

关系从句中，如果关系词是关系从句的主语怎么省略

如果关系从句是被动态

bear is most delicious

it is chilled to 6 degree.

省略主语，be动词

bear which is chilled to 6 degree is most delicious

bear chilled to 6 degree is most delicious.

摄氏度

Celsius

什么是没有词类冲突

就是剩下的补语和原来的从句是一个词类

即都是名词类，形容词类，副词类

Jeff, who was wounded in war, will soon be sent home 怎么简化

Jeff, wounded in war, will soon be sent home.

关系从句，是be 加 ing 怎么省略

省略主语 Be动词

the ship which is coming to shore is from hebei

the ship coming to shore is from hebei

如果关系从句没有Be动词，也没有助动词

动词改成ving

my old car, which breaks down every other week, wont last much longer.

my old car, which is breaking down every other week, wont last much longer.

my old car breaking down every other week wont last much longer.

动词不定式是什么词类

可以是形容词，名词，副词

关系动词的动词有助动词 怎么改

john is the one who should go this time

改成不定词补语留下来

john is the one who is to go this time.

john is the one to go this time.

john is not a man to trust

vs

john is not a man to be trusted

john is not a man

one can trust the man

john is not a man whom one can trust

john is not a man one can trust.

john is not a man one is to trust.

john is not a man to trust.

john is not a man

the man can be trusted.

john is not a man who can be trusted.

john is not a man who is to be trusted.

john is not a man to be trusted.

this is exactly the time to do it

vs

this is exactly the thing to do

this is exactly the time

we should do it at this time

this is exactly the time when we should do it.

this is exactly the time when we are to do it.

this is exactly the time to do it.

this is exactly the thing

we should do this thing.

this is exactly the thing which we should do

this is exactly the thing which we are to do

this is exactly the thing to do

he will be the toughest guy

you must deal with the guy

he will be the toughest guy who you must deal with.

he will be the toughest guy who you are to deal with.

he will be the toughest guy to deal with.

如果关系从句 含有情态动词（语气助动词）， 但是关系从句的主语和主要从句不一致怎么办

加for

i have a job that you brother can do

i have a job that you brother is to do.

i have a job for your brother to do

关系从句动词是Be动词， 后面是形容词

直接去掉主语和be动词，只留下补语

hilary clinton, who is pretty and intelligent, is a popular First Lady.

Hilary Clinton, pretty and intelligent, is a popular First Lady.

形容词只有两个位置

如果不是就是

名词短句

补语位置

形容词从句的残留补语

如果关系从句，去掉主语B动词后，补语是名词，称为什么

同位语

Bill Clinton, who is President of the U.S., is a Baby Boomer.

Bill Clinton, President of the U.S., is a Baby Boomer.

this armor, which were developed for protection during battle, are place in castles for decoration.

developed for protection during battle.

the change should be obvious to anyone that is familiar with the artist’s works.

familiar with the artist’s works

here are some books that your bother can use

for your brother to use.

维生素C，一种经常在水果和蔬菜里面找到的维生素

Vitamin V, a trace element, is often found in fruit and vegetables.

东非发掘的最重要的化石，是一个古代女性，Lucy。

the most important fossil excavated in East Africa was that of an ancient female, Lucy.

史蒂文乔布斯对于个人电脑的视野，极大的扩大了实际使用电脑在商业和娱乐上的人数

Steve Jobs’ vision of the personal computer greatly expanded the number of people actively using the computer for business and for pleasure.

亚马逊雨林作为地球的肺，转换大气层中的二氧化碳回到氧气

The amazon rain forests, the earth’s lungs, convert carbon dioxide in the atmosphere back into oxygen.

通过一个叫做合并的程序，云朵中的水滴长大到一个足够大到能够滴落到地球的大小

through a process called coalescence, water droplets in clouds grow to a size large enough to fall to earth.

如果你寻求投资建议，我知道正确的地方可以去

if you are looking for investment advice, i know just the place to go.

盘尼西林，20世纪早期发现的，带来了化学疗法的黄金时期

Penicillin, discovered in the early 20th century, brought about the golden age of chemotherapy.

这些不是应该认真对待的文字

those are not words to be taken seriously

鼠标，就像键盘一样，是一个连在电脑上的控制设备

the mouse, like the keyboard, is a control device connected to a computer.

一个在harry的任期通过的宪法的修正案限制了美国总统两届的任期

an amendment to the constitution passed in Harry’s tenure limits the US presidency to two terms.