para lec 4 NMU

nematodes shape ?

size (length) ?

body cover ?

nematodes shape ?

size (length) ?

body cover ?

elongated, cylindrical and thread like

length : from millimeters to meters

body is covered with tough outer cuticle (underneath is the muscle layer and viscera are present in the body cavity)

nematodes sex (gender idk) ?

does it have a digestive system ?

they hava male and female worms

it have a complete digestive system

nematodes digestive system consists of ?

mouth , esophagus (varies in shape and structure), intestine .rectum which opens through anus

male nematode reproductive system consists of ?

• Simple tubule differentiated into testis, vas deference, seminal vesicle, ejaculatory duct, which opens in cloaca • Copulatory structures as bursa & spicules

female nematode reproductive system consists of ?

• Ovary, oviduct, seminal receptacle, uterus, vagina, which opens in genital pore

• Female nematodes may lay eggs (oviparous) or larvae (viviparous).

compare between male and female nematodes according to

length ?

width ?

posterior end ? شكلها

optimum host ?

nematodes number of hosts needed ?

• Man is the optimum host for all nematodes.

• Most nematodes pass their life cycle in one host.

• Some may need a 2 nd host; animal or arthropod.

most nematodes live in ?

• Most nematodes live in the intestinal tract (DEPOSIT EGGS فيه استثناء)

• Some nematodes live in tissues (DEPOSIT LARVA)

Most nematodes live in the intestinal tract, and lay eggs that pass with host stool except ?

Trichinella as it deposits larvae

mention 2 nematodes that need only one host

and another 2 that need two hosts respectively

nematodes that need 1 host : ascaris and enterobius vermicularis

nematodes that need 2 hosts : trichinella and filaria

nematodes infect through Ingestion of the infective stage

ascaris enterobius

trichinella

nematodes infect through Inhalation of dust containing the infective stage

ascaris

enterobius

nematodes infect through Skin penetration by the infective stage

ancylostoma

strongyloides

nematode infect through insect bite

filaria

nematodes that live in the small intestine ? (4) AAST

-Ascaris lumbricoides

-Ancylostoma duodenale

-Strongyloides stercoralis

-Trichinella spiralis

nematodes that live in the large intestine ? (1) E

-Enterobius vermicularis

nematode that live in the lymphatic system (1) W

wuchereria bancrofti

nematodes that live in the muscles (2) ? TS

-Trichinella

-spirals

nematode that live in the eye ? L

loa loa

nematodes that live in the skin/subcutaneous tissue (2) MO

medina worm

onchocerca volvulus