GHS SBCB — V Science/Math: #1

Antimony

Abbreviation Sb, Latin name Stibium

Copper

Abbreviation Cu, Latin name Cuprum

Gold

Abbreviation Au, Latin name Aurum

Iron

Abbreviation Fe, Latin name Ferrum

Lead

Abbreviation Pb, Latin name Plumbum

Mercury

Abbreviation Hg, Latin name Hydrargyrum

Potassium

Abbreviation K, Latin name Kalium

Silver

Abbreviation Ag, Latin name Argentum

Sodium

Abbreviation Na, Latin name Natrium

Tin

Abbreviation Sn, Latin name Stannum

Tungsten

Abbreviation W, Latin name Wolfram

Carl Friedrich Gauss (1777-1855)

German mathematician nicknamed the “Prince of Mathematicians” who proved the fundamental theorem of algebra, the law of quadratic reciprocity, and the prime number theorem, as well as systematizing number theory and stating the fundamental theorem of arithmetic in his Disquisitiones Arithmeticae

Gauss is most famous for—

making a formula for adding successive positive integers when his elementary school teacher gave him a challenge in order to waste his time

Gottfried Leibniz (1646-1716)

German mathematician known for his independent invention of calculus and dispute with Isaac Newton; most modern calculus notation, including the integral sign and d for differential, originated with him, who also worked with the binary number system, doing fundamental work in establishing boolean algebra and symbolic logic

Pierre de Fermat (1601-1665)

French mathematician remembered for his contributions to number theory including his little theorem ((ap – a)/p if p is prime and a is any number), as well as studying ______ primes—prime numbers that can be written as 22n + 1 for some integer n

Last Theorem

Theorem by Fermat which states that there is no combination of positive integers x, y, z, and n, with n > 2, such that xn + yn = zn, writing in Arithmetica by Diophantus with a note saying that “I have discovered a marvelous proof of this theorem that this margin is too small to contain”

Tetrahedron

Platonic solid comprised of 4 equilateral triangles, 6 edges, and 4 vertices (3 faces meeting at most)

Octahedron

Platonic solid comprised of 8 equilateral triangles, 12 edges, and 6 vertices (4 faces meeting at most)

Icosahedron

Platonic solid comprised of 20 equilateral triangles, 30 edges, and 12 vertices (5 faces meeting at most)

Cube

Platonic solid comprising of 4 squares, 12 edges, and 8 vertices (3 faces meeting at most)

Dodecahedron

Platonic solid comprising of 12 regular polygons, 30 edges, and 20 vertices (3 faces meeting at most)