History

Majority opinion in Brown Vs. Board of Education (1954)

Racial segregation in public schools was unconstitutional bc it violated Equal Protection clause.

Why did Eisenhower send troops to Little Rock, Arkansas?

To enforce school desegregation

Define Civil Disobedience”

Nonviolent refusal to obey laws or government policies

Give an example of an action in the civil rights movement that demonstrated civil disobedience

Greensboro Sit-In

Why did MLK believe that non-violent resistance. Ould be an affective way to gain civil rights?

Because it appealed to the conscience of the public.

Name two pieces of Civil Rights legislations and explain what they did.

Civil Rights act of 1964 - Banned discrimination

Voting Rights act of 1965 - Outlawed discriminatory voting practices

What facts encouraged race riots in American cities during the 1960s and 1970s?

Racial discrimination

Economic inequality

Why did Malcom X and groups such as the Black Panthers gain in popularity as the Civil Rights Movement dragged on?

They promoted more radical and immediate approaches to achieving racial equality.

What is “Affirmative Action” What case established its legality.

Practices aimed at increasing opportunities for marginalized groups

University of California vs. Bakke

Why did the second-wave feminist movement emerge in the 1960s and 1970s?

As a response to the limitations of the first wave, it focuses on gender equality in the workforce.

Betty Friedan

The Feminine Mystique - Women were not fulfilled in their roles

National Organization of Women (NOW)

Founded by Betty Friedan, advocates for womens rights

Equal Rights Amendment (ERA

Aims to ensure equal rights under the law

Phyllis Schlafly

Opposed ERA

Title IX

Federal law, prohibiting sex based discrimination

What did the Supreme Court rule in Roe vs. Wade?

Women have the right to choose.

Why ddi the U.S feel that South Vietnam was essential to US national security?

Due to the domino theory.

What was the significance of the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution?

Gave Lyndon broad authority to use military force in Vietnam.

My Lai Massacre

Killing 300-500 unarmed Vietnamese civilians by US soldiers.

Vietnamization

Transferring combat duties onto South Vietnamese while withdrawing American troops.

Hawks

Supported Vietnam war and military force

Doves

Opposed war, advocated for peace

Kent State Riots

National guardsmen killed students protesting again Vietnam war

the “Silent Majority”

describes Americans who did not publicly protest the vietnam war

What did the supreme Court rule in NY times vs. US

US go. could not prevent NYT from publishing the pentagon papers.

Describe fighting conditions in the Vietnam war

Harsh and brutal with dense jungles and extreme heat

Explain the role that television played in both the Vietnam war and the ciivl rights movement

brought graphic images and real-time coverage into Americans homes

what lessons did the US learn in Vietnam

the limits of military power in achieving political goals

Examples of behaviors and groups that emerged as a part of counterculture

Hippes

Anti-war protesters

What issues motivated members of the New Left

civil rights and racial justice

American-Indian movement

fight for indigenous rights, sovereignty, and the protection of tribal land and culture

Brown power movement

sought civil rights, cultural pride, and educational reform

enviornmental movement

protect the environment

gay rights movement

advocates for equal rights of LGBTQ

what trigrams did Lyndon Johnson sponsor as part of his Great Society agenda

medicare, medicaid

what was détente

aimed to ease Cold War tensions

what happened during Watergate? what were the results of the Watergate scandal?

a break in at the democratic headquarters, Nixon stepped down

what were the Camp David Accords

negotiated a peace agreement

describe how Reagans policy of supply-side economics worked

cutting taxes and reducing gov regulations

Agent Orange

chemical