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What does radiocarbon dating require for precise age identification?
Calibration or adjustment due to variations in C14 levels in the atmosphere.
Why does radiocarbon dating need calibration?
Because the rate of C14 in the atmosphere varies slightly, affecting accuracy.
What does 'cal.' signify in radiocarbon dating?
It indicates that the date is calibrated and significantly more precise.
What are the two types of factors that influence human migration?
Push factors and pull factors.
What are some reasons for human migration?
Climate change and new opportunities.
When did Homo sapiens arrive in Australia?
About 50,000 years ago.
What is 'firestick farming'?
A method used by humans to manage landscapes using fire.
When was Tasmania inhabited?
Approximately 35,000 years ago.
When was New Zealand inhabited?
Around 1200 CE.
What significant bird became extinct around the time humans inhabited New Zealand?
The Moa.
What is the Bering transitory archipelago?
The land bridge that connected Siberia and North America.
When did humans arrive in North America?
Approximately 18,000 years ago.
What type of subsistence did early humans in North America rely on?
Hunting, fishing, and gathering.
What are 'kelp highways'?
Routes along the coast that humans followed based on available resources.
What tool is associated with Channel Islands and primarily used for hunting?
Crescents.
What is a Clovis point?
A spearpoint found across North America, also considered a social calling card.
What does the extinction of North American megafauna coincide with?
Climate change and human hunting practices.
What needs further research regarding megafauna extinction?
The relative influences of climate, vegetation, and human activities.
What role did humans play in the extinction of megafauna?
They hunted megafauna, contributing to their decline.
How did humans manage the landscape in Australia?
By using fire and adapting their hunting techniques.
What evidence suggests early humans used birds for purposes other than food?
Use of feathers for clothing.
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