Covalent bonds

What is a covalent bond

when atoms share outer shell electrons

What types of atoms can bond covalently

non-metals

Why do atoms make covalent bonds

To obtain a full outer shell

Which atoms form diatomic molecules

• hydrogen = H₂

• Nitrogen = N₂

• Oxygen = O₂

• Fluorine = F₂

• Chlorine = Cl₂

• Bromine = Br₂

• Iodine = I₂

Simple covalent bonds have ___ melting and boiling points

Simple covalent bonds have LOW melting and boiling points

Atoms are held together by _____ covalent bonds

Atoms are held together by STRONG covalent bonds

Intermolecular forces of attraction are very ______

Intermolecular forces of attraction are very WEAK

What is it called when there are multiple atoms bonded together

A molecule

What are some giant covalent structures

• diamond

• graphite

• silicon dioxide

What are some properties of diamond

• high melting and boiling points

• hard

• strong

How many covalent bonds does each carbon make in diamond

it makes 4 covalent bonds with 4 carbons

What are some properties or graphite

• forms layers called graphene

• can conduct electricity

• layers are held together by weak intermolecular forces

How many covalent bonds does each carbon make in graphite

3 covalent bonds with carbon atoms

What atoms is silicon dioxide made from

silicon and oxygen atoms