Neurologic Exam Week 4

What type of reflex are deep tendon reflex, muscle spindle reflex, golgi tendon organ reflex, and alpha-gamma coactivation?

Neuromuscular reflexes

What is the term for the return of primitive reflexes, indicative of UMNL?

Pathological reflexes

What is the term for normal reflexes elicited by stroking the skin?

Superficial reflexes

What does absence of Superficial reflexes indicate?

LMNL

What do 1a fibers innervate?

muscle spindle

What doe 1a fibers detect?

stretch/length, position, and speed of movement

What do 1b fibers innervate?

Innervate the golgi tendon organ

Where do 1b fibers insert?

at the end of intrafusal muscle fibers near the muscle tendon

What do 1b fibers detect?

Tension/load/force

What are the AKAs of muscle spindle reflex?

DTR/MSR

What are the AKAs of the GTO?

reverse stretch reflex or autogenic reflex

What is the purpose of alpha-gamma coactivation?

maintain a sensory connection to the muscle

Activation of which motor neuron causes extrafusal muscle to contract?

Alpha motor neuron

T or F: While the contractile portion of the DTR is monosynaptic, the inhibitory portion is Disynaptic

True

What is a 0 DTR?

absent (areflexia)

What is a 1+ DTR?

diminished, but present

What is a 2+ DTR?

normal, average response

What is a 3+ DTR?

brisker than normal

What is a 4+ DTR?

hyperactive (may have clonus)

What spinal/peripheral nerve is tested with the biceps reflex?

C5 / Musculocutaneous nerve

What spinal/peripheral nerve is tested with the brachioradialis reflex?

C6 / radial nerve

What spinal/peripheral nerve is tested with the triceps reflex?

C7 / radial nerve

What spinal/peripheral nerve is tested with the Quadriceps reflex?

L4 / Femoral nerve

What spinal/peripheral nerve is tested with the medial hamstrings reflex?

L5 / Tibial nerve

What spinal/peripheral nerve is tested with the achilles tendon reflex?

S1 / Tibial nerve

Which DTR is tested by striking the tendon through the doctor's thumb?

Biceps

What is the term for a clenching action used to coax a diminished DTR?

Jendrassik maneuver

What are the signs of UMNL?

Spastic paralysis

Disuse atrophy

Increased reflexes

Positive babisnki sign

No fasciculations

What are the signs of LMNL?

Flaccid paralysis

Severe atrophy

Absent DTR

No pathological reflexes

Fasciculations possible present