Chapter 28: Nonhuman Primates

Nonhuman Primates (NHP)

Order of mammals including species like humans and monkeys, essential for research due to similarities to humans.

Prosimian

The most primitive group of nonhuman primates, includes lemurs and lorises.

New World Monkeys

Primates found in Central and South America, known for their broad noses and some possess prehensile tails.

Old World Monkeys

Primates found in Asia and Africa, possess narrow nostrils facing downwards and cheek pouches.

Opposable Thumbs

A characteristic of NHPs that provides increased dexterity, allowing grasping with hands.

Ischial Callosities

Thick pads on the buttocks of Old World monkeys that provide comfort when sitting.

Diurnal

Refers to species that are active during the day.

Gestation Period

The time from conception to birth, typically 159–169 days in NHPs.

Social Structure in NHPs

NHPs have complex social interactions, including grooming and communication behaviors.

Chemical Restraint

Method of immobilizing NHPs using anesthetics for handling during research.

Environmental Enrichment

Programs that promote psychological well-being of NHPs, such as providing toys and foraging devices.

Tattoo Identification

A common method of identifying NHPs performed under anesthesia.

Macacine Herpesvirus 1 (B virus)

A virus that can be transmitted from macaques to humans through bites and scratches.

PPE (Personal Protective Equipment)

Equipment worn to minimize risks when handling NHPs, including gloves and masks.

Puberty Age for NHPs

Typically 2.5 to 5 years, varying by sex.

Litter Size

Most NHPs give birth to one offspring at a time.