APUSH - Period 7 part 3 IDs

Isolationism

A foreign policy where a country avoids political or military involvement with other countries.

Jenette Rankin

The first woman to hold federal office in the U.S., known for her pacifist stance during WWI.

Committee on Public Information

A government agency created to influence public opinion regarding the U.S. involvement in WWI.

George Creel

Head of the Committee on Public Information; responsible for propaganda during WWI.

Four Minute Men

Volunteers authorized by the Committee on Public Information to give short speeches supporting the war.

National War Labor Board

An agency established to resolve labor disputes during World War I to prevent work stoppages.

War Industries Board

A government body that coordinated the purchase of war supplies during WWI.

Selective Service Act

Legislation that authorized the federal government to draft soldiers for WWI.

African Americans in WWI

Served valiantly in segregated units and contributed to the war effort despite discrimination.

Women in WWI

Took on roles in the workforce, including nurses, and contributed significantly to the war effort.

Espionage Act

A law passed in 1917 that imposed strict penalties for spying and anti-war activities.

Sedition Act

Expanded the Espionage Act, making it illegal to criticize the government or war effort.

Schenck v. U.S.

A Supreme Court case that upheld the Espionage Act during wartime, establishing limits on free speech.

19th Amendment

Granted women the right to vote in the U.S.

Alice Paul

A leading suffragist known for her role in the women's rights movement and activism for the 19th Amendment.

Liberty Bonds

Bonds sold to the public to finance the U.S. government's war efforts in WWI.

four MAIN causes of WWI

Militarism, Alliances, Imperialism, Nationalism.

Franz Ferdinand

AArchduke whose assassination in 1914 sparked the beginning of WWI.

unrestricted submarine warfare

A naval strategy by Germany during WWI that targeted merchant and passenger ships.

Lusitania

A British passenger ship sunk by a German U-boat, contributing to U.S. entry into WWI.

Zimmerman Telegram

A secret message from Germany to Mexico proposing an alliance against the U.S.

American Expeditionary Force (AEF)

The U.S. military force that fought in Europe during WWI.

Wilson’s 14 Points

A statement of principles for peace proposed by President Wilson to end WWI.

Big Four

The dominant leaders at the Paris Peace Conference: Wilson, Lloyd George, Clemenceau, and Orlando.

terms of Treaty of Versailles

The treaty that ended WWI imposing punitive reparations and restrictions on Germany.

Balfour Declaration

A statement by the British government supporting a Jewish homeland in Palestine.

League of Nations

An international organization established after WWI aimed at maintaining peace.

irreconcilables

Senators who opposed the League of Nations and the Treaty of Versailles.

Reservationists

Senators who supported the Treaty of Versailles with amendments.

NAACP-Du Bois

The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, with Du Bois as a prominent leader.

1st Red Scare

A period of intense fear of communism in the U.S. following WWI.

Mitchell Palmer

Attorney General who led raids against suspected radicals during the Red Scare.

Great Migration

The movement of African Americans from the South to the North for better opportunities.

1919 race riots

A series of violent racial conflicts in various U.S. cities ignited by racial tensions.

Marcus Garvey/UNIA

An African American leader who promoted Black nationalism and founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association.

KKK in 1920’s

The resurgence of the Ku Klux Klan, promoting white supremacy and anti-immigrant sentiments.

Sacco and Vanzetti case

A famous trial where two Italian immigrants were convicted of murder, raising questions about justice and bias.

Immigration Act of 1917

Legislation that restricted immigration and established literacy tests.

Emergency Quota Act of 1921

Limited the number of immigrants allowed into the U.S. based on national origin.

Immigration Restriction Act of 1924

Significantly reduced immigration from Southern and Eastern Europe.

F. Scott Fitzgerald

An American author known for his works depicting the Jazz Age, including 'The Great Gatsby'.

Ernest Hemingway

A prominent American author known for his terse prose and themes of war and love.

Gertrude Stein

An American avant-garde writer and art collector associated with the Lost Generation.

The Lost Generation

A term for a group of post-WWI American writers disillusioned by the war.

Harlem Renaissance

A cultural, social, and artistic explosion centered in Harlem, New York during the 1920s.

Cotton Club

A famous nightclub in Harlem known for its music and as a hub for African American artists.

Claude McKay

A key figure of the Harlem Renaissance and known for his poetry addressing racial themes.

Langston Hughes

An influential poet and social activist associated with the Harlem Renaissance.

Zora Neale Hurston

An author and anthropologist associated with the Harlem Renaissance, known for her novels.

jazz and blues

Music genres that originated in African American communities and became popular in the early 20th century.

Duke Ellington

A famous jazz composer and bandleader of the early 20th century.

Louis Armstrong

A jazz trumpeter and vocalist who was influential in developing jazz music.

Eugenics

The controversial belief in improving the genetic quality of the human population.

Americanization

The process of assimilating immigrants into American culture.

consumerism

The cultural idea that encourages the acquisition of goods and services in ever-increasing amounts.

Model T

An affordable automobile manufactured by Ford, revolutionizing transportation.

mass production/assembly line

A manufacturing process that uses standardized parts and assembly lines for efficiency.

home appliances

Machine-operated devices for household tasks, increasing convenience in homes.

installment buying

A purchasing method where consumers pay for goods over time in small installments.

radio

A medium for broadcasting information and entertainment widely available in the 1920s.

Charles Lindbergh

An American aviator famous for his solo transatlantic flight.

Equal Rights Amendment

A proposed amendment to guarantee equal legal rights for all American citizens regardless of sex.

Flappers

Young women in the 1920s who challenged traditional norms of behavior and fashion.

Effects of WWI

Widespread social change, economic upheaval, and shifts in political power as a result of the war.

Warren Harding

The 29th President of the United States known for his policies of 'return to normalcy'.

”Return to Normalcy”

Harding's campaign slogan promising a return to pre-war life and stability.

Taylorism

A theory of management that analyzes workflows to improve efficiency.

Chicago Defender

An influential African American newspaper that advocated for civil rights and social justice.

New Negro

A term describing an assertive and culturally aware African American identity in the 1920s.

Tulsa Massacre

A violent racially motivated attack on the African American community in Tulsa, Oklahoma in 1921.

“Birth of a Nation”

A controversial film released in 1915 that glorified the Ku Klux Klan and vilified African Americans.

Women’s Christian Temperance Union (WCTU)

An organization advocating for the prohibition of alcohol and social reform.

Volstead Act

Legislation that implemented the 18th Amendment, prohibiting the manufacture and sale of alcohol.

21st Amendment

Repealed the 18th Amendment, ending Prohibition in the United States.

bootlegging

The illegal production and distribution of alcohol during Prohibition.

speakeasies

Underground bars that operated illegally during Prohibition.

Teapot Dome Scandal

A major political scandal during Harding's presidency involving the leasing of federal oil reserves.

Calvin Coolidge

The 30th President of the United States known for his laissez-faire approach to the economy.

Fundamentalist Christianity

A movement emphasizing a strict interpretation of religious texts, often opposing modernism and liberal theology.

Scopes Monkey Trial

A famous trial in 1925 that debated the teaching of evolution in schools versus creationism.