Chapter 9: Jefferson’s presidency, American Expansion and the War of 1812 ROHRHOFF

Who was the 3rd President of the United States?

Thomas Jefferson

From which country did the U.S. buy the Louisiana Territory?

France

What was the primary river Lewis and Clark traveled on at the start of their trip?

The Missouri River

Who was the hero of the Battle of New Orleans?

Andrew Jackson

Which city was home to Fort McHenry?

Baltimore

The 'Star-Spangled Banner' was originally written as what?

A poem

What did the Louisiana Purchase do to the size of the United States?

It doubled it

Who was the President during the War of 1812?

James Madison

What was the name of the Shoshone woman who helped Lewis and Clark?

Sacajawea

In 1814, what did the British do to the White House?

They burned it

What is 'Impressment'?

Kidnapping sailors to serve in the British Navy

Who was the First Lady who saved the portrait of George Washington?

Dolley Madison

What was the official name of the Lewis and Clark expedition?

The Corps of Discovery

How much did the U.S. pay for the Louisiana Territory?

$15 million

What is 'Judicial Review'?

The Supreme Court's power to declare a law unconstitutional

What was the name of the Shawnee leader who tried to unite the tribes?

Tecumseh

Which battle was fought after the peace treaty was signed?

The Battle of New Orleans

Which political party took power in the 'Revolution of 1800'?

The Democratic-Republicans

What was the nickname of the USS Constitution?

Old Ironsides

Who was the 'Midnight Judge' who sued for his commission?

William Marbury

What was the name of Jefferson's home in Virginia?

Monticello

What was the primary goal of the Embargo Act of 1807?

To stop all foreign trade to punish Britain and France

Which Supreme Court case established Judicial Review?

Marbury v. Madison

Who was the Chief Justice who served for 34 years?

John Marshall

In what city did Lewis and Clark begin their journey?

St. Louis, Missouri

What does 'Strict Constructionist' mean?

Believing the government can only do exactly what the Constitution says

What was the 'Northwest Passage'?

A non-existent direct water route to the Pacific Ocean

What was the name of the treaty that ended the War of 1812?

The Treaty of Ghent

Which Federalist institution did Jefferson choose to keep?

The Bank of the United States

What happened at the Battle of Tippecanoe?

U.S. forces burned Prophetstown and defeated the Shawnee

Who wrote the lyrics to the National Anthem?

Francis Scott Key

What was the 'Revolution of 1800'?

The first peaceful transfer of power between political parties

Why did Napoleon lose interest in a New World empire?

The slave revolt in Haiti (led by Toussaint L'Ouverture)

What did Lewis and Clark have to do at the Great Falls in Montana?

Portage (carry) their boats 18 miles overland

Who won the Battle of Lake Erie?

The Americans (led by Oliver Hazard Perry)

What does 'Neutrality' mean?

Not taking a side in a war or conflict

What was the main outcome of the Treaty of Ghent?

No one gained land; things went back to the way they were before

What was the 'Iron Boat,' and why did it fail?

A frame designed by Lewis; failed because they had no pine tar to seal it

What 'Act of Nature' stopped the British from destroying all of D.C.?

A hurricane and/or tornado

What does the phrase 'Status Quo Ante Bellum' mean?

The state of things as they were before the war

How did Jefferson justify the Louisiana Purchase since it wasn't in the Constitution?

He used the power to make treaties

Who was the British general killed during the attack on D.C.?

General Robert Ross

Which event led to the 'Era of Good Feelings' and the end of the Federalist Party?

The Hartford Convention (where Federalists were seen as unpatriotic)

Which Native American group fought alongside Andrew Jackson in the South?

The Cherokees (or the Choctaw/Lower Creeks)

What was the name of the 18-mile stretch Lewis and Clark had to travel on land?

The Great Falls Portage

What did the Non-Intercourse Act do?

Banned trade only with Britain and France (replacing the Embargo Act)

In the 'Star-Spangled Banner,' what 'gave proof through the night that our flag was still there'?

The rockets' red glare and bombs bursting in air

What did the British promise enslaved people who fought for them?

Their freedom

What famous message did Oliver Hazard Perry send after his victory at Lake Erie?

'We have met the enemy and they are ours.'

What was the Election of 1800 known as?

The 'Revolution of 1800' because it was the first peaceful transfer of power between political parties.

What was Jefferson's goal as president?

To reduce the size and power of the federal government, lower military spending, and pay down the national debt.

What limited roles did Jefferson believe the federal government should have?

Delivering mail, collecting customs duties, and protecting the nation.

Why did Jefferson keep the Bank of the United States?

Because it was essential for the economy.

What did Jefferson state in his inaugural address to promote national unity?

'We are all Republicans, we are all Federalists.'

Who did Jefferson consider the ideal citizen?

The independent, land-owning farmer.

Who were the 'Midnight Judges'?

Federalist judges appointed by John Adams in his final hours as President.

What conflict arose from James Madison's refusal to deliver commissions?

William Marbury sued for his commission.

Who was John Marshall?

The Federalist Chief Justice who wrote the decision for Marbury v. Madison.

What principle was established by Marbury v. Madison?

Judicial Review, allowing the Supreme Court to declare a law unconstitutional.

Why did Napoleon sell the Louisiana Territory?

He needed money for wars in Europe and lost interest in an American empire.

What was the significance of the Louisiana Purchase?

It doubled the size of the U.S. and gave control of the Port of New Orleans and the Mississippi River.

What constitutional dilemma did Jefferson face with the Louisiana Purchase?

The Constitution did not explicitly allow a President to buy land.

What was the official name of the Lewis and Clark expedition group?

The Corps of Discovery.

What were the primary goals of the Lewis and Clark expedition?

To explore the new territory, map the land, document new plants and animals, and find the Northwest Passage.

Where did Lewis and Clark start their expedition?

St. Louis, Missouri.

Who was Sacajawea?

A Shoshone woman who served as a guide and interpreter for Lewis and Clark.

What was the outcome of the Lewis and Clark expedition?

They proved a continuous water route to the Pacific did not exist, but their maps paved the way for future expansion.

What was the Embargo Act of 1807?

A ban on all international trade to punish Britain and France, which failed and hurt the U.S. economy.

Who were the War Hawks?

Young Democratic-Republicans in Congress who pressured for war to defend American honor.

What did Tecumseh try to do?

Unite Native American tribes against U.S. expansion.

What was the initial U.S. strategy in the War of 1812?

To invade Canada.

What major naval victory did Oliver Hazard Perry achieve?

A victory on Lake Erie.

What happened during the Burning of D.C. in 1814?

British forces captured Washington D.C. and burned the White House and the Capitol.

What did Francis Scott Key do during the bombardment of Fort McHenry?

He wrote a poem that became the lyrics to the 'Star-Spangled Banner.'

What was significant about the Battle of New Orleans?

It was fought after the peace treaty was signed, leading to a decisive victory for Andrew Jackson.

What did the Treaty of Ghent accomplish?

It ended the War of 1812 without changing any borders.

What was the impact of the War of 1812?

It led to a massive increase in American patriotism and national pride.