Fire Protection in Building

Fire Code

Considers the building density in the locality and flammability of the structures and its contents

Elevated Water Tank

A traditional design of storing water in an elevated reservoir

Underground Water Reservoir

It is a reinforced concrete structure constructed on one side of the building provided with a small vent rising above the ground

60 to 90cm

The underground water reservoir is covered with earth from _____ blended with the lawn and lanscape shrubbery

Standby diesel powered generator

This unit and its fuel stock are seperately housed in a fire resistant enclosure sufficiently away from the possible location of fire in the main building

Up-Feed Pumping System

Provides a continuous flow of water from the deep wall through the domestic and fire reservoir.

20

A small ____ gallons per minute jockey pump will supply the necessary pressure for the sprinkler system

750

A signal from the sprinkler system will start the _____ gpm main pump

Diesel Engine Driven Pump

If the main pump becomes inadequate for the demand, ________ of equal capacity will automatically takes over.

Bubble Control Units

Senses domestic water level and sprinkler reserve level

Dual Control Unit

Regulates the supply for the pressure tank

Central Cabinet Underground Pump Room

The Sensing Unit controls are connected to a ______ adjacent the reservoir.

Hydropneumatic Tank

Used to store air under pressure that will balance out-surge from the two domestic pumps and reduce the frequently starting, and stopping of motor

60% to 40%

The dual control installation eliminates the need for manual adjustment of this ________ ratio by employing two sensing devices within a single control

Standpipe

A pipe installed in buildings not as part of the water supply or disposal system, but primary, for use as water conveyance in case of fire.

Fire Hose

Always located near the stairs for use by firemen in case of fire

Siamese Twin

Upon arrival of the firemen, the standpipe ______ is immediately connected to the street fire hydrant, or to any other source by their fire hose

15cm

Minimum Standpipe Height

Automatic Sprinkler System

Consists of horizontal pattern of pipes placed near the ceiling of industrial and commercial buildings, warehouses, stores, theaters and other structures where fire hazard require their use

135-160 degrees F

The automatic sprinkler system are provided with outlet and sprinkler heads that open automatically at temperatures of ________ and emit a series of fine water sprays

Wet Pipe Sprinkler System

The piping installations wherein both the mains and the distribution pipes are constantly filled with water

Dry Pipe Sprinkler System

The piping installations where there is no water standing in the distribution pipe, except during the occurence of fire. This is generally confined to unheated buildings.

Sprinkler Head

The bulb is quartzoid type. Transparent and contains a colored liquid.

136 degrees Fahrenheit

The Sprinkler bulb breaks and automatically releases a water stream

Pendant Sprinkler

Heat sensitive breakable bulb

Light Hazard Occupancy

The coverage of one sprinkler head is 20sq.m

Extra Hazard Condition

The coverage of one sprinkler head is 10sq.m

2.40 to 3.60m

Nozzles are set about _______ apart on the supply pipes

3.00 to 4.00m

Nozzles are set about ______ apart at right angle exposed beams or panels

1

At least one fire department connection on each frontage

Master alarm Valve

A _______ control for all water supplies other than fire department connections

Drains

Sloping water proof floors with ____ or scupper to carry away waste water.

25%

When gravity tank is used with sprinkler system, it must have enough water reserve for this purpose and enough water to operate at least _____ of the sprinklers for 30 mins

Automatic venting device

relieves the burning building of smoke and hot gases immediately. Undue delay will be avoided, and the firemen will not waste time chopping an opening for the exhaust of heat and smoke

Wet Standpipe and Siamese Connection

Connected to the water supply and distribution system. The disadvantage of this installation is when there is inadequate water supply for fire fighting.