AP Psych Unit 5 (Psychological Disorders) - DSM-V Disorders with Diagnoses and Treatment

Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Central nervous system abnormalities that start in childhood and alter thinking/behavior.

• Typical Treatment: Mix of psychotherapeutic techniques (often behavioral) and medication, if needed.

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

A psychological disorder marked by extreme inattention and/or hyperactivity and impulsivity.

• Treatment: Psychotherapy and Medication (Stimulants - increase dopamine and norepinephrine levels)

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

A disorder often marked by limitations in communication and social interaction, and rigidly fixed interest and repetitive behaviors.

• Treatment: Psychotherapy (Often behavioral) and sometimes medications such as FDA approved meds, antipsychotics, or SSRIs to manage hyperactive or aggressive behaviors.

Intellectual disabilities and motor disorders

Schizophrenic Spectrum and Psychotic Disorders

Group of disorders characterized by delusions, hallucinations, disorganized thinking, speech, or motor behavior, and negative symptoms (missing proper behaviors).

• Typical Treatment: Psychosocial therapies (CBT) and Antipsychotics

Delusions

A false belief, often of persecution or grandeur, that may accompany psychotic disorders.

Hallucinations

An experience/perception of things that are unreal/false. Often bizarre and negative.

Mood Disorders

A group of mental disorders characterized by long-term disturbances in emotion, primarily depression and bipolar disorders.

• Typical Treatment: Psychotherapy (CBT) accompanied by antidepressants, SSRIs, or mood Stabilizers depending on diagnosis.

Major Depressive Disorder

A disorder in which a person experiences symptoms of depressed mood or loss of interest/pleasure for an extended period of time. (2+ weeks)

• Treatment: Psychotherapy (CBT) and Antidepressants (SSRIs)

Persistent Depressive Disorder

A disorder in which people experience depressed mood on more days than not for at least 2 years (formerly Dysthymia).

Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder

Bipolar I

Bipolar II

Cyclothemic Disorder

Anxiety Disorders

A group of disorders characterized by excessive fear and anxiety and related maladaptive behaviors.

• Typical Treatment:

Specific Phobia

Agoraphobia

Panic Disorder

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Separation Anxiety Disorder

Adjustment Disorder

Selective Mutism

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders

Disorders characterized by unwanted repetitive thoughts (obsessions), actions (compulsions), or both.

• Typical Treatment:

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Body Dysmorphic Disorder

Trichotillomania

Excoriation

Hoarding Disorder

Dissociative Disorders

A group of disorders characterized by discontinuity in the normal integration of memory, idennity, consciousness, etc;

• Typical Treatment:

Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID)

Dissociative Fugue

Dissociative Amnesia

Depersonalization/Derealization Disorder

Trauma and Stressor Related Disorders

A group of disorders in which exposure to a traumatic or stressful event is followed by psychological distress.

• Typical Treatment:

Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

Reactive Attachment Disorder

Acute Stress Disorder

Feeding and Eating Disorders

A group of disorders characterized by altered consumption/absorption of food that impairs health or psychological functioning.

• Typical Treatment:

Anorexia Nervosa

Bulimia Nervosa

Pica

Rumination Disorder

Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake

Personality Disorders

A group of disorders characterized by enduring inner experiences or behavior patterns that differ from one’s cultural norms/expectations.

• Typical Treatment:

Insomnia Disorder

Narcolepsy

Delirium

Dementia

Somatic Symptom Disorder

Illness Anxiety Disorder/Hypochondriasis

Conversion Disorder

Factitious Disorder/Munchausen