Great Depression and New Deal: Key Events and Policies

Who won the election of 1928?

Hoover

What was the main issue in the election of 1928?

Prohibition

What did the Farm Board establish?

Cooperatives and loans to keep prices stable.

What happened to the market value of stocks from 1925-1929?

They tripled.

What happened as prices rose?

People started speculating and buying on margin.

What did the Federal Reserve Board advise banks?

Not to loan money for stocks.

What happened in late October of 1929?

The values of stocks dropped to disastrous levels.

When was 'Black Tuesday'?

October 29, 1929.

What resulted from the stock market's crash?

Many banks went bankrupt.

Who was blamed for the depression?

Hoover.

Who was hit hardest by the depression?

Farmers.

Which organization made loans to banks and businesses?

The Reconstruction Finance Commission.

What type of policies did the U.S. pursue towards Latin America?

Nonintervention.

What did Hoover propose since Germany could not pay all war debts?

A moratorium.

What continued as the depression deepened?

Fear.

How did business leaders act during the depression?

Hesitant.

What did bankers do during the depression?

Stop loaning money.

What problem remained during the depression despite the crop surplus?

Starvation.

What were state governments given as unemployment grew?

Relief money.

How much relief money was each family given per week during the early years of the depression?

$3.00.

Who won the election of 1932?

Roosevelt.

What did the 20th Amendment change?

The date of the presidential inauguration to January 20th.

What disease did Roosevelt get in 1921?

Polio.

What was FDR's political experience prior to his presidency?

Governor of New York, Secretary of the Navy during World War I.

How would you describe Roosevelt's approach to politics?

Understanding.

Who worked the closest to FDR?

Eleanor Roosevelt.

What did FDR promise about banks?

They would be safe again.

What does the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation do?

Insures depositor's savings.

What is deficit spending?

When the government's spending exceeds its income.

What is pump priming?

Pouring government money into the economy through loans and spending.

What did the Federal Emergency Relief Administration do?

Gave grants to cities and states.

What did the Tennessee Valley Authority promote?

Development through the use of resources.

What did the Civil Works Administration provide?

Jobs to improve airports, roads, etc.

What did the Agricultural Adjustment Act do?

Paid farmers to reduce the production of basic crops.

What did the Indian Reorganization Act do?

Returned land to Indians.

When was the dust bowl?

1933-1935.

What did Native Americans work to improve during the 1930s?

Their education and social status.

Who was Charles Coughlin?

A New Deal critic known as the 'Radio Priest.'

Who was Huey Long?

A New Deal critic who wanted to take land from the rich.

Who was Dr. Francis Townsend?

A New Deal critic who focused on relief for the elderly.

How was the Second New Deal different from the original New Deal?

It showed greater concern for the poor.

What did Roosevelt demand in the Second New Deal?

Work relief.

How did Congress respond in the Second New Deal?

By creating the Works Progress Administration.

By what year had the economy nearly recovered from the depression?

1937.

What is a recession?

A mild downturn in business.

What did many families do during the depression?

Get smaller houses.

What happened to the number of high schools and colleges during the depression?

They increased.

Name one group who benefited from the New Deal.

Women.

What accounted for the limited progress for minorities during the depression?

Powerful opposition in Congress.

What changed films during the 1930s?

Sound was introduced.