Skeleton and joints

What is a flat bone?

• Thin and curved

• Used for protection

What is a long bone?

• Diaphysis is longer than width

• Contains epiphysis at end

• Used as lever arm for movement

What is an irregular bone?

• Has an irregular shape and size

What is a sesamoid bone?

• Bone embedded within tendon

What is a short bone?

• Short and cuboidal shape

• Used for weight bearing and stability

What is the axial skeleton?

Bones associated with the skull, spine, ribs and sternum

What is the appendicular skeleton?

Bones associated with shoulder girdle, pelvic girdle and 4 limbs

What is a fibrous joint?

• Bones are connected by fibrous tissue

• Provides no movement

What is a cartilaginous joint?

• Bones are connected by cartilage

• Provides slight movement

What is a synovial joint?

• Joint contains synovial fluid for lubrication and shock absorption

• Allows free movement

What is a hinge joint?

• Allows flexion and extension

• e.g. knee

What is a ball and socket joint?

• Allows all movements

• e.g. shoulder

What is a condyloid joint?

• Allows flexion and extension, adduction and abduction, and circumduction

• e.g. Wrist

What is a pivot joint?

• Allows rotation around an axis

• e.g. neck

What is a gliding joint?

• Allows Sliding of 2 bones over each other

• e.g. between tarsals

What is a saddle joint?

• Bones have a concave and convex part which saddle on eachother

• e.g. thumb