Metalanguage

Referential

Sharing information with an intended audience, e.g. statements like 'The train leaves at 6.00 am.'

Emotive

Allows users to express emotions and desires, etc., e.g. That was an excellent dessert.

Standard English

One of the may dialects of english

Conative

Engages the addressee, e.g. questions or commands like 'Which type of potato do you like?', 'Sit down!

Phatic

Designed to create and maintain a social connection, e.g. greetings like 'How are you?' or 'Get well soon.

Metalinguistic

Describes language itself, e.g. 'What does phatic mean?', 'Do you understand what l'm saying?'

Poetic

Brings in the aesthetic function, e.g. embellishing a message with quotations like, 'To be, or not to be?'

Register

stylistic variation of language, involve features across

a range of subsystems

Tenor

relationship between participants

Audience

intended listener

Cultural context

Values, attitude and belief systems

Situational context:

The situation of the text type being published

Field/Domain

the subject matter, topic, or area of knowledge being discussed

mode

either written or spoken

Setting

where a text is placed in relation to space and time

Text type/Medium

The specific way the mode is being delivered (report, article, social media post, etc.)

Phonetics

the study and classification of speech sounds occurring in a language

Phonology

the way in which speakers of a particular language systematically use a selection of these speech sounds to express meaning

Morphology

the study of the internal structure of words and the processes by which words are formed.

Morphemes

the smallest unit of linguistic meaning and function (e.g. a, i)

Lexicology

the study of words within a specific language.

lexeme

a unit of meaning in a language, typically one word (e.g. noun, adjective)

Syntax

the study of the set of conventions and processes by which words are ordered to create grammatically well-formed phrases, clauses and sentences

Discourse and pragmatics

The study of how the meaning of spoken and written language is related to the context in which that speech and writing occur

Semantics

the study of linguistic meaning in language