1/26
Flashcards for Chemistry Revision: Chemical Analysis
Name | Mastery | Learn | Test | Matching | Spaced |
---|
No study sessions yet.
What is an element?
A substance that contains one type of atom and cannot be broken down into anything simpler by chemical means.
What is a compound?
A substance formed when two or more different elements are chemically bonded together.
What is a mixture?
A substance that contains two or more different substances that are not chemically joined together.
What is a pure substance?
A substance that contains a single element or compound not mixed with any other substance.
What happens to the melting and boiling points of impure substances?
An impure substance will have a slightly lower melting point and a slightly higher boiling point than a pure substance.
What is a formulation?
A mixture of different substances in carefully measured quantities to produce a product with required properties for a particular use.
What are alloys?
Mixtures of elements, including at least one metal, giving a product with metallic properties.
What is the purpose of chromatography?
Separates mixtures of coloured liquids (dyes) by running a solvent through a piece of chromatography paper.
How does chromatography work?
Dyes move with the solvent, separating according to their solubilities; the most soluble travels farthest.
What is the Rf value in chromatography?
Relative front, the distance moved by solute divided by the distance moved by solvent.
How do you test for water using copper (II) sulphate?
Shake the liquid with anhydrous copper (II) sulphate; if water is present, it changes from white to blue.
What is the purpose of flame tests?
To identify metal ions based on the colour they produce when burned in a Bunsen flame.
What flame color does Lithium produce?
Crimson
What flame color does Sodium produce?
Yellow-orange
What flame color does Potassium produce?
Lilac
What flame color does Calcium produce?
Brick Red
What flame color does Copper (II) produce?
Blue-green
What does 'soluble' mean?
When a substance dissolves in a certain liquid (usually water).
What does 'insoluble' mean?
A substance that does not dissolve in a certain liquid (usually water).
What is a solute?
The substance that dissolves in a solvent.
What is a solvent?
The liquid in which a solute dissolves.
What is a solution?
The mixture of solute dissolved in the solvent.
What is filtration used for?
Separates an insoluble solid from a liquid.
What is crystallization used for?
Separates a solute from a solution.
What is simple distillation used for?
Separates a solvent from a solution.
What is fractional distillation used for?
Separates miscible liquids.
What is a separating funnel used for?
Separates immiscible liquids.