DAS C1 Chemistry Revision: Chemical Analysis

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Flashcards for Chemistry Revision: Chemical Analysis

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27 Terms

1
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What is an element?

A substance that contains one type of atom and cannot be broken down into anything simpler by chemical means.

2
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What is a compound?

A substance formed when two or more different elements are chemically bonded together.

3
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What is a mixture?

A substance that contains two or more different substances that are not chemically joined together.

4
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What is a pure substance?

A substance that contains a single element or compound not mixed with any other substance.

5
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What happens to the melting and boiling points of impure substances?

An impure substance will have a slightly lower melting point and a slightly higher boiling point than a pure substance.

6
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What is a formulation?

A mixture of different substances in carefully measured quantities to produce a product with required properties for a particular use.

7
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What are alloys?

Mixtures of elements, including at least one metal, giving a product with metallic properties.

8
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What is the purpose of chromatography?

Separates mixtures of coloured liquids (dyes) by running a solvent through a piece of chromatography paper.

9
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How does chromatography work?

Dyes move with the solvent, separating according to their solubilities; the most soluble travels farthest.

10
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What is the Rf value in chromatography?

Relative front, the distance moved by solute divided by the distance moved by solvent.

11
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How do you test for water using copper (II) sulphate?

Shake the liquid with anhydrous copper (II) sulphate; if water is present, it changes from white to blue.

12
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What is the purpose of flame tests?

To identify metal ions based on the colour they produce when burned in a Bunsen flame.

13
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What flame color does Lithium produce?

Crimson

14
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What flame color does Sodium produce?

Yellow-orange

15
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What flame color does Potassium produce?

Lilac

16
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What flame color does Calcium produce?

Brick Red

17
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What flame color does Copper (II) produce?

Blue-green

18
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What does 'soluble' mean?

When a substance dissolves in a certain liquid (usually water).

19
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What does 'insoluble' mean?

A substance that does not dissolve in a certain liquid (usually water).

20
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What is a solute?

The substance that dissolves in a solvent.

21
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What is a solvent?

The liquid in which a solute dissolves.

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What is a solution?

The mixture of solute dissolved in the solvent.

23
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What is filtration used for?

Separates an insoluble solid from a liquid.

24
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What is crystallization used for?

Separates a solute from a solution.

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What is simple distillation used for?

Separates a solvent from a solution.

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What is fractional distillation used for?

Separates miscible liquids.

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What is a separating funnel used for?

Separates immiscible liquids.