Comprehensive Chemistry: Solutions, Solubility, and Colligative Properties

In a sugar water solution, what is sugar?

Solute

Which of these is a homogeneous mixture?

Salt water

What is the substance that does the dissolving called?

Solvent

What is a solution that contains less solute than its maximum at a given temperature?

Unsaturated

What is a solution that contains more solute than normally dissolves?

Supersaturated

How does temperature affect the solubility of most solids?

Higher temperature increases solubility

How does the solubility of a gas in water change with increasing temperature?

Decreases

What is molarity defined as?

Moles solute per liter of solution

What is the concentration in g/L if you dissolve 20 g of NaCl in 500 mL of water?

10 g/L

How much NaOH is needed to prepare 1 L of 1 M NaOH?

40 g NaOH

What would increase the concentration of a solution?

Adding more solute

Which factor does NOT affect how fast a solute dissolves?

Color of solute

What happens when you crush a solid solute?

Increases rate of dissolving

What does stirring a solution generally do?

Increases rate of dissolving

On a solubility graph, what does a solution with solute below the line indicate?

Unsaturated

What does a solution that lies above the solubility line indicate?

Supersaturated

Which factor is usually shown on the x-axis of a solubility graph?

Temperature

Which factor is usually shown on the y-axis of a solubility graph?

Solubility (g/100 g water)

What are electrolytes?

Substances that conduct electricity in solution

What happens when you add a solute to a solvent?

Increases boiling point

Colligative properties depend on what?

Number of particles

What increases the solubility of a gas in water?

Increase pressure

What happens if you add more solute to a saturated solution?

It forms a precipitate

Which solution contains the greatest concentration of solute?

5 g in 20 mL

What increases the solubility of solids in water?

Increasing temperature