Overview of Materials Science

A collection of vocabulary flashcards covering key concepts in materials science, their properties, historical evolution, processing, and applications.

Materials Science

An interdisciplinary field studying the properties, structure, and behavior of materials.

Bronze Age

A period approximately from 3300 BC to 1200 BC characterized by the use of bronze for making tools and weapons.

Iron Age

A period approximately from 1200 BC to 500 BC marked by the utilization of iron and steel in construction and weapon manufacturing.

Industrial Age

A historical period during the 18th to 19th centuries marked by the development of processed metals and innovations in manufacturing.

Modern Age

The 20th century to present, defined by the discovery and application of polymers and nanomaterials.

Future Age

Trends focusing on the development of smart materials and the usage of nanotechnology.

Atomic Structure

The arrangement of subatomic particles (protons, neutrons, electrons) that constitute an atom.

Crystalline Structure

An orderly arrangement of atoms, ions, or molecules forming a crystal.

Mechanical Properties

Characteristics such as strength, toughness, hardness, and elasticity of materials.

Electrical Properties

Attributes related to the conductivity and resistivity of materials.

Thermal Properties

Features that define a material's capability to conduct or retain heat.

Processing Techniques

Methods used to manipulate materials to achieve desired structures and properties.

Performance

How well a material performs under specific operating conditions.

Metals

Materials characterized by high strength and good thermal and electrical conductivity.

Polymers

Lightweight and flexible materials with low electrical conductivity.

Ceramics

High-temperature resistant and hard materials with good corrosion resistance.

Composites

Materials made from two or more constituents that enhance overall properties.

Nanotechnology

The application of nanomaterials in various technological fields.

Smart Materials

Materials that can respond to environmental changes in a predetermined way.