Genetic Engineering and Geological Time Scale

These flashcards focus on genetic engineering, its components, and key concepts related to the geological time scale, including significant periods and events in Earth's history.

What is the process of removing a gene from one organism and inserting it into another called?

Genetic engineering.

What is the term for DNA that has been modified to contain genes from other organisms?

Recombinant DNA.

What is a plasmid?

A small, circular piece of DNA found in bacteria that can carry genes.

What geologic period follows the Cambrian Period?

Ordovician Period.

What event marks the beginning of the Precambrian Eon?

The origin of Earth.

How long ago did the Paleozoic Era begin?

About 540 million years ago.

What is the largest division of geologic time called?

Eon.

Which period is known as the 'Golden Age of Dinosaurs'?

Jurassic Period.

What major changes occurred during the Quaternary Period?

Earth's climate cooled, leading to ice ages.

What is defined as a record of life forms and geological events in Earth's history?

Geologic Time Scale.

During which period did the first reptiles evolve?

Carboniferous Period.

In which eon did multicellular life first appear?

Proterozoic Eon.

What significant event marks the end of the Mesozoic Era?

Mass extinction of dinosaurs.

What type of organisms flourished during the Tertiary Period?

Mammals.

What are fossils?

Remnants, impressions, or traces of ancient organisms preserved in Earth's crust.

Which period is known for major plant and animal diversification after the last mass extinction?

Cenozoic Era.

During which era did dinosaurs dominate terrestrial ecosystems?

Mesozoic Era.

What does the term 'Era' refer to in the geological time scale?

A major division that spans tens to hundreds of millions of years.

What organisms evolved from reptiles during the Jurassic Period?

Earliest birds.

What is the smallest division of geologic time on the geologic time scale?

Epoch.