protein synthesis

What is mRNA’s function?

Carries genetic info from the nucleus to the cytoplasm

What is mRNA’s structure?

Linear - single Strand

What is tRNA’s function?

Binds and carries specific amino acids

What is tRNA’s structure?

Hairpin Loop

What is rRNA’s function?

Combines with proteins to for ribosomes

What is rRNA’s structure?

Globular

What is transcription?

The process by which genetic info is copied to DNA to RNA

RNA polymerase binds to a region on the DNA called a ______

PROMOTER

The RNA polymerase creates what for the DNA that complementary

A chain of mRNA

What is a intron?

Non-coding sections of a gene

What is a exon?

A coding part of a gene that codes for a protein

What is mRNA splicing?

When introns are removed and exons are joined

What is mRNA splicing catalyzed by?

A spliceosome

How many amino acids are there?

20

Where does the mRNA go when it is done doing translation?

Into the cytoplasm

What is the second step in translation?

A ribosome finds and binds to a mRNA’s start codon

What also binds to the start codon?

An anti-codon

What is the fourth step of translation?

A ribosome slides 3 nucleotides down from the mRNA strand

What happens on the fifth step of translation?

Many other anti-codons are placed before every 3 nucleotides

What is the final step?

The ribosome receives stop codon and falls off the mRNA releasing the polypeptide

What is a pyrimidine dimer?

When a thymine binds with a thymine or cytosine with cytosine

What is a peptide bond?

When two amino acids bond by giving up one H and the other giving up and HO forming H₂O

Dogma

A belief or adoption that is known to be true