Ch 11 Qualitative Designs & Methods

Exploring the Living Experience

Artifact

an object collected during qualitative research to be used as data (e.g., pictures, documents, journals)

Bracketing

process of qualitative research that involves suspending judgment of others

Codebook

record kept by a researcher to document ways in which data is coded

Connecting Data

• (in a mixed-methods research) when 1 method (either quantitative or qualitative) informs another

• 1 method is used 1st in 1 study and the results are used in designing the 2nd study

Constructivism

philosophy that suggests through experiences people construct meaning and knowledge of their world

Embedding Data

• type of data used in mixed-methods research

• 1 method (qualitative or quantitative) assumes primary role and the other is used to support the results

Ethnography

qualitative research design that focuses on understanding a culture

Field Notes

remarks and descriptions made and collected by researchers while observing and/or interviewing participants

Focus Groups

interview w/ a group of individuals that gather info through targeted discussion regarding specific topic

Grounded Theory

qualitative design that has the purpose of developing theory from the data collected (theory = grounded in data)

Inductive Reasoning

process of drawing conclusions from the data; moving from the specific to the general

Informant

individual providing data in a study

Life History

story of an individual’s life or a specific aspect of the individual’s life

Merging Data

name used in mixed-methods research when qualitative and quantitative research results are reported together

Mixed-Methods Research

research design that combines qualitative and quantitative methods

Narrative Research

qualitative design that uses a storytelling approach

Naturalistic Research

research done from the point of view that multiple perspectives exist that can only be understood within their natural context

Open Coding

process of identifying simple categories within qualitative data

Open-Ended Interview

interview question that does not have a simple answer and a question in which respondents are free to formulate a response

Participant Observation

method of data collection in qualitative research in which the researcher becomes a participant and engages in activity with the research participant(s)

Participatory Research

• participants are also actively involved in the research process itself

• research addresses problems and works toward changing those problems

Phenomenology

qualitative research design that seeks to understand the experience of others from their perspective

Photovoice

qualitative methodology in which participants take photographs and write accompanying narratives to describe the photo

Purposive Sampling

identifying participants for a study because they will serve a particular purpose

Qualitative Research

type of research that studies questions about meaning and experience

Saturation

point in qualitative data collection at which no new data or insights are emerging

Selective Coding

process of articulating a theory based on the categories and relationships between categories identified during data analysis

Snowball Sampling

selection of participants by having already-identified participants nominate people they know

SPIDER Tool

method developed for searching qualitative research based on the acronym of (Sample, Phenomenon of Interest, Design, Evaluation, and Research type)

Themes

patterns identified within qualitative data

Theoretical Sampling

sampling method used in grounded theory research in which purposive sampling is used initially but as theoretical concepts emerge, participants are selected who can contribute to the developing theory