Lecture 27 – Colligative Properties and Osmosis

These flashcards cover key vocabulary and concepts related to colligative properties and osmosis from the lecture notes.

Colligative properties

Properties that depend on the number of dissolved solute particles and not on their chemical identity.

Osmolarity

The sum of the molarities of all dissolved particles in 1.0 L solution.

Osmosis

The passage of a solvent through a semipermeable membrane separating two solutions of different concentration.

Hypotonic

Having an osmolarity less than the surrounding blood plasma or cells.

Hypertonic

Having an osmolarity greater than the surrounding blood plasma or cells.

Isotonic

Having the same osmolarity as the surrounding solution.

Vapor pressure lowering

The phenomenon where the vapor pressure of a solution is lower than that of the pure solvent.

Boiling point elevation

The boiling point of a solution is higher than that of the pure solvent.

Freezing point depression

For each mole of nonvolatile solute, the freezing point of a solvent is lowered.