Lesson 4: Trematodes Acquired by Eating Arthropods or Vertebrate Paratenic Hosts

Family Dicrocoelidae

Characteristics of Family Dicrocoelidae

• The body is (1)__

• The (2)__ is anterior to (3)__

• Parasites of the (4)__ and (5)__ of mammals, birds, and reptiles

1. Translucent

2. Ovary

3. Testes

4. Gall bladder

5. Bile ducts

Genera and species under Family Dicrocoelidae

• Dicrocoelium dendriticum

• Dicrocoelium hospes

• Platynosomum fastosum

• Platynosomum ariestis

• Athesmia foxi

• Concinuum procyonis

• Concinuum brumpti

• Concinuum ten

• Eurytrema pancreaticum

• Eurytrema coelomaticum

• Eurytrema escuderoi

• Eurytrema ovis

Species of Family Dicrocoelidae that occurs in bile ducts of sheep, goat, ox, deer, pig, dog, donkey, hare, rabbit, elk, coypu, and rarely man

Dicrocoelium dendriticum

Species of Family Dicrocoelidae that occurs in the gall bladder of cattle

Dicrocoelium hospes

Species of Family Dicrocoelidae that occurs in liver and bile ducts of cats

Platynosomum fastosum

Species of Family Dicrocoelidae that occurs in the intestine of sheep, non-pathogenic

Platynosomum ariestis

Species of Family Dicrocoelidae that occurs in the bile ducts of monkey

Athesmia foxi

Species of Family Dicrocoelidae that occurs in pancreatic duct, gall bladder of cats, dogs, foxes, and racoons

Concinuum procyonis

Species of Family Dicrocoelidae that occurs in the liver and pancreas of apes

Concinuum brumpti

Species of Family Dicrocoelidae that occurs in the liver of wild carnivores

Concinuum ten

Species of Family Dicrocoelidae occurs in the pancreatic ducts and occasionally bile ducts of sheep, goat, pig, buffalo, and cattle in Brazil and Asia and in human in China

Eurytrema pancreaticum

Species of Family Dicrocoelidae that occurs in pancreatic ducts of ruminants

• Eurytrema coelomaticum

• Eurytrema escuderoi

Species of Family Dicrocoelidae that occurs in the perirectal fat of sheep

Eurytrema ovis

1st intermediate host of Dicrocoelium dendriticum

Land snails (Zebrina detrita, Cionella lubrica)

2nd intermediate host of Dicrocoelium dendriticum

Ants (Formica & Protormica species)

Pathogenesis of Dicrocoelium dendriticum

• Marked proliferation of the bile duct epithelium

• Fibrosis, cirrhosis

• Severe case: anemia, edema, emaciation

Diagnosis of Dicrocoelium dendriticum

Finding feces in eggs