Vitamin Deficiencies

Vitamin A deficiency

xerophthalmia (night blindness and drying of the cornea and conjunctiva)

Vitamin C deficiency

scurvy (swollen, bleeding gums, poor wound healing)

tissue bleeding, joint bleeding, bone fractures, tooth loss

caused by smoking, poor nutrition, alcohol abuse

Think the C is Scurvy

Vitamin E deficiency

ataxia (clumsy, poor muscle coordination), decreased immune response, peripheral neuropathy

Vitamin K deficiency

easily bruising, bleeding

Vitamin B1 (thiamine) deficiency

Beriberi (affects cardio and neurovascular systems, leading to increased HR, peripheral neuropathy)

Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome (degenerative brain disorder)

Vitamin B2 (riboflavin) deficiency

Cheilosis (dry swollen lips, fissures at the corners of the mouth)

Your 2 lips will Be swollen and cracked from lack of B2

Vitamin B3 (niacin) deficiency

Pellagra 3D's (Diarrhea, Dermatitis, Dementia)

Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) deficiency

peripheral neuropathy, anemia

Vitamin B9 deficiency

Fetal neural tube defects (fetal spine or brain defects)

Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) deficiency

Pernicious anemia (lack of intrinsic factor in the gastric mucosa impairs absorption of B12)

Vitamin D deficiency

rickets (decreased bone density, developmental delay, seizures, skeletal deformity)

osteomalacia (bone deformity, pain, seizures)

Low vitamin D can cause Decreased bone Density, bone Deformity

calcium deficiency

chvostek's (facial twitch) and trousseau's sign (muscle spasm when blood pressure cuff is applied)

magnesium deficiency

increased DTR, tremors, paresthesia, dysrhythmia, tachycardia, hypertension, seizure

Phosphorus deficiency

same has hypercalcemia (bone pain, muscle weakness, confusion)

Potassium deficiency

dysrhythmias, muscle weakness, constipation, hypotension, weak pulse

sodium deficiency

confusion (common in elderly), fatigue, nausea, vomiting, headache, seizure

iron deficiency

anemia, pallor, cold extremities, difficulty concentrating, fatigue, tachycardia

dehydration s/s

decreased weight, tachycardia, hypotension, tachypnea, decreased urine output, decreased skin turgor, dry mucous membranes, weak/thready pulse