Pharmacy essentials quiz 2

RBC(red blood cells)

erythrocytes: RBC cell count, most common cell, principle oxygen delivering cell

WBC(white blood cells)

leukocytes: cells of the immune system that defend against pathogens, indicator of infection

HGB(hemoglobin)

iron containing oxygen transport protein component of RBC’s

HCT(hematocrit)

percentage of RBC’s in the blood

PLT(platelets)

fundamental role in hemostasis and clot formation

Hemoglobulin(A1c)

indicates overall plasma glucose levels for last 3 months, use to diganose and manage diabetes

APTT

how long it takes blood to clot, assess intrinsic pathway of coagulation, damage to blood vessels

PT

how long it takes blood to clot, asses extrinsic pathway of coagulation, external tissue damage

INR

assesses the risk of bleeding or clotting status of patient, useful in monitoring patients who take blood thinners

Serum triglycerides

needed for formation of other lipids and fatty acids

total cholestrtol

needed for cell wall, steroid, bile acid production

low desnity lipoprotein cholestrol

must be measured in fasting state known as the bad cholestrol

High density lipoprotein cholestrol

known as the good cholestrol acts as an antiatherogenic factor

specific gravity

ability of kidney to concentrate urine, weight of the urine as compared to an equal amount of water, more concentrated the urine, higher the specific gravity

pH

used to determine the acidity or alkalinity of the urine, average is 6

Blood

if present can be sign of urinary tract damage

Bilirubin

if present can be a sign of liver damage

leukocyte esterase

if present can indicate infections or inflamallation of the uirinary tract

Nitrites

gram negative bacterica can convert nitrates to nitrites, therefore if present may be due to gram negative infection