Drug Cards - Advanced EMT

D50w/D25w/D10w - Classification

Antihypoglycemic

Carbohydrate

D50w/D25w/D10w - Action

Brief osmotic diuretic

Sends simple blood sugar to hypoglycemic brain tissue

D50w/D25w/D10w - Indications

Hypoglycemia

AMS (blood sugar unavailable)

Coma of unknown origin

D50w/D25w/D10w - Contraindications

Intracranial hemorrhage

BG >60mg/dL

D50w/D25w/D10w - Side effects

Worsening of brain injury (if present)

D50w/D25w/D10w - Dosage

Adult (50% solution): 12.5-25gm slow IV push (large bore catheter)

Pediatric (25% solution): 0.5-1gm/kg

Glucagon - Classification

Hormone

Glucagon - Action

Increases breakdown of glycogen to glucose
Decreases the synthesis of glycogen from glucose
Positive chronotropic and inotropic agent

Glucagon - Indications

Hypoglycemia (absolutely unable to start an IV or admin oral glucose)
Beta blocker overdose

Glucagon - Contraindications

None

Glucagon - Side effects

Hyperglycemia
Hypokalemia

Glucagon - Dosage

Adult: 0.5-1mg q20 mins IM/IV

Opiate Analgesics - Classification

Opioid Analgesic
Narcotic
Schedule II drug

Opiate Analgesics - Action

Central nervous system depressant that acts on the opiate receptors in the brain
Vasodilator (analgesic specific)

Opiate Analgesics - Indication

Pain indicative of ACS (analgesic specific)
Pulmonary edema
Pain protocol

Opiate Analgesics - Contraindication

Right ventricular infarct (RVI)

Opiate Analgesics - Side effects

Hypotension
Respiratory depression
Decreased LOC

Opiate Analgesics - Dosage

Adult: Morphine: 2-10mg IV/IM/IO
Adult: Fentanyl: 1mcg/kg (max 100mcg) IV/IM/IO/IN
Pediatric: Consult local protocol

Ondansetron - Classification

SSRA (Selective Serotonin Receptor Antagonist)

Antiemetic

Ondansetron - Action

Blocks serotonin receptor sites in the CNS at the CTZ

Ondansetron - Indications

Nausea and Vomiting

Prophylaxis for opiate administration

Ondansetron - Contraindications

Known prolonged QT syndrome

Ondansetron - Side effects

Headache

Dizziness

Ondansetron - Dosage

Adult: 4mg slow IV push

Pediatric: 0.1mg/kg slow IV push (max 4mg)

Epinephrine (1:10,000) - Classification

Catecholamine
Sympathetic agonist

Epinephrine (1:10,000) - Action

Positive stimulation of alpha and beta adrenergic receptors

Epinephrine (1:10,000) - Indications

Dead

Epinephrine (1:10,000) - Contraindications

None in the emergency setting

Epinephrine (1:10,000) - Side effects

Increased myocardial O2 demand
Tachy-dysrhythmias

Epinephrine (1:10,000) - Dosage

Adult: 1mg IV/IO q3-5 mins
Pediatric: 0.01mg/kg (max 1mg) IV/IO