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Chemistry Formulae
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83 Terms
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1
Ammonium
NH₄⁺
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2
Hydrogen
H⁺
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3
Lithium
Li⁺
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4
Potassium
K⁺
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5
Rubidium
Rb⁺
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6
Silver
Ag⁺
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7
Sodium
Na⁺
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8
Caesium
Cs⁺
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9
Calcium
Ca²⁺
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10
Cobalt (II)
Co²⁺
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11
Copper (II)
Cu²⁺
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12
Iron (II)
Fe²⁺
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13
Lead (II)
Pb²⁺
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14
Magnesium
Mg²⁺
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15
Manganese (II)
Mn²⁺
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16
Nickel (II)
Ni²⁺
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17
Strontium
Sr²⁺
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18
Zinc
Zn²⁺
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19
Barium
Ba²⁺
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20
Aluminium
Al³⁺
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21
Chromium (III)
Cr³⁺
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22
Iron (III)
Fe³⁺
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23
Bromide
Br⁻
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24
Chloride
Cl⁻
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25
Cyanide
CN⁻
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26
Dihydrogenphosphate
H₂PO₄⁻
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27
Ethanoate (Acetate)
CH₃COO⁻
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28
Fluoride
F⁻
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29
Hydrogencarbonate
HCO₃⁻
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30
Hydrogensulfate
HSO₄⁻
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31
Hydroxide
OH⁻
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32
Iodide
I⁻
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33
Nitrate
NO₃⁻
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34
Nitrite
NO₂⁻
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35
Permanganate
MnO₄⁻
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36
Hydride
H⁻
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37
Carbonate
CO₃²⁻
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38
Chromate
CrO₄²⁻
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39
Dichromate
Cr₂O₇²⁻
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40
Hydrogenphosphate
HPO₄²⁻
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41
Oxalate
C₂O₄²⁻
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42
Oxide
O²⁻
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43
Sulfate
SO₄²⁻
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44
Sulfide
S²⁻
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45
Sulfite
SO₃²⁻
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46
Nitride
N³⁻
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47
Phosphate
PO₄³⁻
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48
Ammonia
NH₃
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49
Water
H₂O
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50
Hydrogen Peroxide
H₂O₂
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51
Ethanoic Acid (Acetic Acid)
CH₃COOH
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52
Hydrochloric Acid
HCl
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53
Nitric Acid
HNO₃
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54
Carbonic Acid
H₂CO₃
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55
Sulfuric Acid
H₂SO₄
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56
Sulfurous Acid
H₂SO₃
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57
Phosphoric Acid
H₃PO₄
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58
Acid + Metal
Salt + H2 gas
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59
Acid + Metal hydroxide
salt + water (neutralisation)
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60
Acid + Metal oxide
salt + water (neutralisation)
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61
Acid + Carbonate
Salt + Water + CO2 gas
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62
Acid + Hydrogencarbonate
Salt + Water + CO2
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63
Acid + Metal Sulfite
Salt + Water + SO2 gas
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64
Base + Ammonium Salt
Salt + Water + NH3 gas
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65
Base + Non-metal oxide
Salt + Water (Note: the anion in the salt is the non-metal oxide with an extra oxygen, eg: SO2 becomes SO32- )
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66
Metal (+ Heat)
Metal oxide
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67
Metal carbonate (+ Heat)
metal oxide + carbon dioxide (thermal decomposition)
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68
Metal hydrogen carbonate (+ heat)
metal carbonate + water + carbon dioxide
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69
Complete combustion
C3H8 + 5O2 → 3CO2 + 4H2O (excess oxygen supply)
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70
Incomplete combustion
2C2H6 + 5O2 → 4CO + 6H2O (limited oxygen supply)
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71
Incomplete combustion effects
Can lead to the formation of carbon or carbon monoxide.
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72
Glowing carbon particles in a flame
Turns the flame yellow, and black carbon is often visible in the smoke.
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73
Carbon monoxide
Produced as a colourless poisonous gas.
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74
Precipitation Reactions
Using solubility rules to determine precipitate formation.
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75
Spectator ions
Eliminate spectator ions to create an ionic reaction equation.
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76
Alkanes and Aromatics
Slow substitution reactions.
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77
Example of alkane reaction
CH4 + Br2 → CH3Br + HBr
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78
Alkenes
Fast addition reactions.
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79
Example of alkene reaction
C2H4 + Br2 → CH2BrCH2Br
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80
Hydration (add H2O)
Remember Markovnikoff's Rule.
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81
Hydration (add H2)
Addition reaction.
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82
Halogenation
Add F2, Cl2, I2, Br2.
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83
Hydrohalogenation
Add HCl, HBr, etc. Remember Markovnikoff's Rule.
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