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Personality is best as understood as
stable patterns of thoughts, behaviors, and feelings
Personality can change depending on situations
true
What statement reflects modern view of personality
internal and external attributions
Each personality research lacked
Culture diversity
what did each personality research lacked
culture diversity
Collective culture emphasize
group harmony
Individualist culture emphasized
independence
Self-enhancement refers to
promoting positive self-image
Child rearing in individualistic cultures is
permissive and democratic
The MMPI is an example of
Self report inventory
Projective tests are
ambiguous stimuli ( inkblot test, TAT)
shown images of situations
What is the Rosh block ink tests
Projective tests
Validity of projective tests is
mixed
Experience sampling tests is
recording experiences over time
Theorieis help psychoglist
predict behavior
Determinism suggest behavior is
controlled by prior causes
Gender roles influence personality development
true
Freud developed
psychoanalysis
Freud believed neurosis stemmed from
unconscious conflict
Freuds instincts are
biological driven
the goal of instincts is to
reduce tension
Freud identified two instincts
life and death
the conscious mind incudes
current awarness
The unconscious mind contains hidden thoughts
true
The preconscious contains
easily retrievable memories
The ID operates on
pleasure principles
basic instincts
safety, food, water, sex
the ego balances
id and superego
the superego is
morality
defense mechanisms are conscious strategies
false
what do defense mechanisms reduce
anxiety
Dream analysis helps reveal
unconscious processes
Freud’s research is critized for
small sample sizes
Psychosexual stages involved
conflict resolution
Freud Believed in free will
false, he believed in deterministic
Cattell focused on
predicting behavior
Cattell studied
normal personality traits
Factor analysis is used to
identify trait patterns
studying overarching concepts ( personality)
extraversion
Neuroticism
Psychoticism
agreeablness
Traits are
Stable tendencies
Traits are derived using statistics
true
Environmental mold traits come from what
environment
Cattell identified 16 source traits
true
about 1/3 of personality is genetic
true
L data is
life records
T- data
objective tests, really hard to fake
Q-data
self-report
Behavior genetics studies
genes and environment
Eysenck proposed
three dimensions ( PEN)
Psychoticism involves
Impulsivity and aggression
THe big five includes all except
Deference
Machievallieniam’s is characterized by
Manipulation
Five Factor Model
Openness
Conscientiousness
Agreeableness
Extraversion
Neuroticism