Cardiovascular System Flashcards

Powerpoint notes, not ours.

Cardiac Output

The amount of blood the heart ejects out in 1 minute.

Preload

How much blood is coming into the heart.

Afterload

The resistance the heart has to overcome which affects stroke volume.

Inotrope

How hard the heart is contracting.

ACE Inhibitor

Blocks conversion of angiotensin I into angiotensin II.

ARB (Angiotensin Receptor Blocker)

Blocks angiotensin II receptors.

Aldosterone Antagonist

Blocks aldosterone receptors.

Direct Renin Inhibitor

Binds to renin, disabling it from activating angiotensin I.

Calcium Channel Blocker

Blocks calcium channels in vascular smooth muscle, causing peripheral vasodilation.

Alpha-1 Blocker

Blocks alpha-1 receptors, causing vasodilation.

Beta Blockers

Blocks beta receptors, resulting in decreased HR, decreased contractility, & slows conduction

Centrally Acting Alpha-2 Agonist

Stimulates alpha2 receptors to reduce sympathetic release of norepinephrine.

Alpha/Beta Blocker

Blocks both alpha & beta receptors, resulting in vasodilation, decreased HR, Na + H2O excretion

Direct Acting Vasodilator

Directly vasodilates arterioles, causing decreased BP.

Thiazide Diuretic

Blocks reabsorption of H2O, Na, & Cl by acting on proximal portion of tubule.

Loop Diuretic

Blocks reabsorption of H2O, Na, & Cl by acting on the loop of Henle.

Potassium Sparing Diuretic

Blocks aldosterone, resulting in Na & H2O excretion, & K retention.

Inotropic Agent/Cardiac Glycoside

Inhibits Na-K ATPase enzyme, causing calcium accumulation.

Inotropic/Sympathomimetic

Stimulates beta1 receptors, resulting in increased contractility & cardiac output.

Inotropic/Phosphodiesterase Inhibitor

Inhibits PDE3, increasing contractility & cardiac output.

HMG CoA Reductase Inhibitor

Inhibits HMG CoA reductase enzyme resulting in lower LDL, lower total cholesterol, higher HDL, and lower VLDL

Nitrate

Causes coronary vasodilation, decreases preload.

Class IA/Sodium Channel Blocker

Blocks Na channels, slows conduction, decreases automaticity, prolongs refractory period.

Class IB/Sodium Channel Blocker

Blocks Na channels, slows conduction, decreases automaticity, prolongs refractory period, treats ventricular dysrhythmias

Class IC/Sodium Channel Blocker

Blocks Na channels, slows conduction, decreases automaticity, prolongs refractory period (>than other Na channel blockers) ,Treats ventricular dysrhythmias & a-fib

Class II/Beta-Blocker

Blocks beta receptors, decreases HR, decreases contractility, slows conduction

Class III/Potassium Channel Blocker

Blocks K channels, decreases automaticity, slows conduction, decreases contractility, & causes vasodilation

Class IV/Calcium Channel Blocker

Blocks Ca channels, decreases automaticity, decreases contractility, slows conduction, Converts SVT into NSR & slows HR in A-fib or A-flutter