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Test for carbonate ion
Reacts with dilute HCl to produce CO₂ gas.
When carbonate is added to MgSO₄ solution it produces a white precipitate
Test for chloride ion
Reacts with AgNO₃ solution to produce a white precipitate.
The precipitate dissolves when dilute NH₃ is added
Test for hydrogencarbonate ion
Reacts with dilute HCl to produce CO₂ gas.
When hydrogencarbonate is added to MgSO₄ solution, it produces a clear solution which turns white when heated
Test for nitrate ion
Add cold FeSO₄ solution, and a little concentrated H₂SO₄ slowly.
A brown ring forms between the two layers
Test for phosphate ion
Add ammonium molybdate reagent and a few drops of concentrated HNO₃, and warm to 40ºC to produce a yellow precipitate.
When NH₃ solution is added, the precipitate dissolves
Test for sulfate ion
Reacts with BaCl₂ to produce a white precipitate.
When dilute HCl is added to the precipitate, it does NOT dissolve
Test for sulfite ion
Reacts with BaCl₂ to produce a white precipitate.
When dilute HCl is added to the precipitate, it dissolves
dip damp wooden splint into sample of salt
place into blue bunsen flame
record the colour of the flame
method for flame test
crimson
lithium
lilac
potassium
barium
green
red
strontium
blue green
copper
yellow e.g street lights
sodium
Note 
Flashcard (49)